Doctoral Dissertation Research: Urban Mobility Practices and Avoidance of Hazards

博士论文研究：城市交通实践与危险规避

• 批准号: 0902280
• 负责人: Ana Alonso
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0902280&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Urban; Mobility

This study will investigate how the social space of the city, with all its risks and inequalities, is shaped and reproduced through practices of urban mobility. As a case study, this study will focus on the knowledge and practices that taxicab drivers and their passengers make use of in travelling through Mexico City, particularly the ways they represent dangerous space, and construct their own responses to it. Mexico City, as an almost archetypically large and complex urban space, has an especially established local discourse on the difficulties and hazards of urban space, on the dangerous spaces of the city, and on the resourcefulness of its residents in finding their ways safely around. The taxicab sector is an ideal site for such a study because the driving profession involves an explicitly articulated socio-spatial body of knowledge developed in large part for the purpose of avoiding and responding to danger. Through participant observation and interviews the researcher will outline the knowledge and strategies taxidrivers and passengers draw on to navigate urban space successfully, particularly how they avoid or manage danger, whether perceived or real. The informants' livelihood context will be examined to understand their structural constraints and motivations. With GPS loggers and video, recordings will be created of taxidrivers' daily trips and of their driving narratives, to capture the fleeting ways in which personal, interpersonal, and social spaces are constructed in relation to each other, in the course of the drivers' work, and in their retellings of it. Thus, this study will investigate how these knowledges and practices situate their practitioners as competent and knowing subjects in relation to the social space of the city.This research will contribute to the emerging field of mobility studies, by operationalizing the philosophical underpinnings of mobility theory in the course of an ethnographic study. Many studies of mobility have drawn on top-down forms of knowledge, such as surveillance data, to obtain representations of mobile subjects and practices. This study, by investigating ways of knowing formed in the context of spatial labor, will be one of the relatively few so far to draw on the practical, bottom-up understandings of urban space which exemplifies the true promise of the mobilities approach. This research will problematize, in novel ways, the relation between the discourse on urban danger and the practical strategies used to avoid danger, by focusing on a kind of situation in which the interrelated effects of class, labor, and communicative technologies can be elucidated. This study will also help to bring the perspectives of urban spatial workers, specifically taxicab drivers, into the scholarly discourse on the city and its mobilities

这项研究将调查城市的社会空间以及其所有风险和不平等现象如何通过城市流动性实践来塑造和复制。作为一个案例研究，这项研究将重点关注出租车司机及其乘客在穿越墨西哥城的知识和实践上，尤其是它们代表危险空间的方式，并构建自己对它的反应。墨西哥城作为一个几乎是原型且复杂的城市空间，对城市空间的困难和危害，城市危险空间以及其居民的机智在安全的方式上的机智方面尤为广为人知。出租车行业是这样一项研究的理想场所，因为驾驶行业涉及明确阐明的社会空间知识体，很大程度上是为了避免和应对危险。通过参与者的观察和访谈，研究人员将概述知识和战略动力标本和乘客成功地借鉴城市空间，尤其是他们如何避免或管理危险，无论是感知还是真实的。将检查线人的生计背景，以了解其结构性约束和动机。借助GPS登记机和视频，将创建录音录制者的每日旅行及其驾驶叙述，以捕捉在驾驶员的工作过程中相互构建的个人，人际和社交空间的短暂方式，并在其重述过程中进行了构建。因此，这项研究将研究这些知识和实践如何将其从业人员作为能力，并了解与城市社会空间有关的科目。这项研究将通过在人种学研究的过程中运作流动性理论的哲学基础来促进出行研究的新兴领域。许多关于移动性的研究都借鉴了自上而下的知识形式，例如监视数据，以获得移动受试者和实践的表示。这项研究通过研究在空间劳动背景下形成的认识方式，将是迄今为止相对较少的了解城市空间的实用，自下而上的理解，这表明了流动性方法的真正承诺。这项研究将以新颖的方式使人们对城市危险的论述与避免危险的实践策略之间的关系进行问题，通过关注可以阐明阶级，劳动和交流技术的相互关联影响的情况。这项研究还将有助于将城市空间工人（特别是出租车司机）的观点带入有关城市及其流动性的学术论述中