Collaborative Research: High Pressure Experimental Melt Density

合作研究：高压实验熔体密度

• 批准号: 0855774
• 负责人: Carl Agee
• 金额: $ 32.68万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0855774&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Pressure; Experimental; Melt

This research is a highly coordinated, multi-lab, collaborative effort to measure the density and compressibility of magmas that form during melting in the Earth's interior. The measurements will greatly advance our ability to predict the conditions under which magmas will rise buoyantly to the Earth's surface and erupt as lavas or form volcanoes. The measurements will also reveal the conditions and depths where magmas are too dense to rise to the surface, remaining either trapped by neutral buoyancy, or sinking further into our planet's deep interior. The experimental data will also provide new insight into the way in which the Earth was differentiated into crust, mantle, and core during its primordial formation stage. The collaborative effort combines experimental techniques that span the entire range of pressure and temperature conditions that exist for melting and magma production in the Earth. The highest pressures, simulating the deepest regions of Earth's mantle, will be done under dynamic compression at the Caltech Shockwave Laboratory, the intermediate pressures will be carried out under static compression in large presses at the University of New Mexico's High Pressure Laboratory, and the near-surface magmatic conditions will be studied in high temperature furnaces with ultrasonic techniques at the University of Michigan's Experimental Petrology Laboratory. The new data will lead to the development of an empirically-based equation of state and a model for multicomponent silicate melts. This model should allow precise characterization of the locations of crystal/melt density crossovers in the upper mantle, transition zone, lower mantle, and D" layer. This equation of state will be used in models of differentiation of a whole-mantle magma ocean or in defining the chemistry and dynamics of possible silicate melting at the modern core-mantle boundary. The investigators expect that the data will also provide the essential basis for development of next-generation melt models that encompass explicit speciation and/or non-ideal mixing terms. The data gathered under this proposal will be a precious resource for all future studies of melt properties and igneous differentiation at high pressure. Never before have such a wide range of techniques been applied to a common set of samples; together the complementary data sets will significantly enhance our understanding of magma physics within our planet.

这项研究是一项高度协调的多lab协作努力，旨在衡量地球内部融化过程中形成的岩浆的密度和可压缩性。测量结果将极大地提高我们预测岩浆会浮动到地球表面并以熔岩或形成火山爆发的条件的能力。测量值还将揭示岩浆太密集而无法升到表面的条件和深度，要么被中性浮力困住，要么进一步沉入我们的行星深内部。实验数据还将为在原始形成阶段分化为地壳，地幔和核心的方式提供新的见解。协作努力结合了实验技术，这些技术涵盖了地球中熔化和岩浆产生的整个压力和温度条件范围。最高的压力模拟了地球地幔的最深区域，将在Caltech Shockwave实验室的动态压缩下进行，中间压力将在新墨西哥大学的高压实验室的大型压迫下进行静态压缩，并将在近距离岩浆条件下在近温度的PETRESOLITAL实验中研究，该实验是在超级温度的实验中。新数据将导致基于经验的状态方程的发展，以及用于多组分硅酸盐熔体的模型。该模型应允许精确表征上地幔，过渡区，下地幔和d“层和d”层的晶体/熔体密度交叉位置的位置。这种状态方程将用于差异模型的整个潜膜岩浆海洋的模型，或在定义的化学和定义可能的硅胶融化的模型中，该模型还可以在现代核心边界上融化。明确的物种和/或非理想的混合项。