New Directions in Nuclear Structure Theory

核结构理论的新方向

• 批准号: 0854912
• 负责人: Bruce Barrett
• 金额: $ 45.35万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0854912&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Directions; Nuclear; Structure; Theory

Research Program: One of the fundamental outstanding problems in the field of physics is to understand the structure and properties of the atomic nucleus starting from the basic interactions among the neutrons and protons (collectively called nucleons) and employing only quantum mechanical many-body theory. Great progress has been made in solving this problem in the last ten years due to new developments in nuclear many-body theory and advances in computer technology. One of these developments is the so-called No Core Shell Model (NCSM), in which all the nucleons in a nucleus are treated as being active, instead of only a few valence nucleons outside an assumed inert core. The NCSM approach simplifies the structure of the many-body problem to be solved and has had considerable success in describing the properties of light nuclei, up to masses near oxygen, i.e., nucleon number 16. This same NCSM approach can be and is being now applied to nuclear reaction theory. One of the fundamental advances following from these investigations is the understanding of the importance of not only pair-wise interactions among nucleons in determining nuclear structure, but also of triplet (or three-nucleon) interactions. More work needs to be done to determine whether or not four-nucleon and higher-nucleon interactions are also necessary. Another important problem is to understand the relationship between the energy required in the two-nucleon system relative to the energy available for all the nucleons in a nucleus.Broader Impact: Our NCSM approach not only has wide applications in theoretical nuclear physics but also in atomic and molecular physics and in condensed matter physics, such as, the problem of a small number of fermions, e.g., electrons, constrained by an harmonic oscillator trap. In addition, our research program is actively educating and mentoring a new generation of young nuclear theorists. For example, during the previous award period, our research group included two undergraduate students, two graduate students, and three post-doctoral research associates. The principal investigator also teaches undergraduate and graduate nuclear physics courses at the University of Arizona and lectures on nuclear structure theory at international summer schools, workshops and symposia.

研究计划：物理领域的基本杰出问题之一是了解原子核的结构和特性，从中子和质子之间的基本相互作用（统称为核子）开始，仅采用量子机械多体型理论。 由于核多体理论的新发展和计算机技术的进步，在过去十年中，在解决这个问题方面取得了巨大进展。 这些发展之一是所谓的无核心壳模型（NCSM），其中核中的所有核子都被视为活跃，而不仅仅是在假定的惰性核心之外的少数价核。 NCSM方法简化了要解决的多体问题的结构，并在描述光核的特性方面取得了巨大成功，直至氧气附近的质量，即核核编号16。相同的NCSM方法可以是可以并且正在应用于核反应理论。 从这些研究中进行的基本进步之一是了解不仅核子之间对核结构的成对相互作用的重要性，而且还理解了三胞胎（或三核）相互作用的重要性。 需要做更多的工作来确定是否还需要进行四核和高核子相互作用。 另一个重要的问题是了解两种核系统中所需的能量相对于核中所有核子可用的能量之间所需的能量之间的关系。BRODER的影响：我们的NCSM方法不仅在理论核物理学中具有广泛的应用，而且在原子和分子物理学中，而且在凝聚力物理学中，以及诸如harmorrions harmorcon narrap a harmorcon，e.g.g.g.g.g.g.g.g.g. g.g.g.g.g.g.g.g.g.g. g.g.g.g. 此外，我们的研究计划正在积极教育和指导新一代的年轻核理论家。 例如，在上一个奖项期间，我们的研究小组包括两名本科生，两名研究生和三名博士后研究员。 首席研究人员还在亚利桑那大学教授本科和研究生核物理课程，并在国际暑期学校，研讨会和座谈会上教授核结构理论讲座。