CAREER: Legitimacy through Cryptography

职业：通过密码学实现合法性

• 批准号: 0845811
• 负责人: Abhi Shelat
• 金额: $ 43万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-02-15 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0845811&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Legitimacy; through; Cryptography

To assert their legitimacy, French kings were borne under witness, and awoke, bathed, and dressed in public. America's Congress implemented a Freedom of Information Act to create methods for citizens to audit their government. These examples show how traditionally, organizations establish their legitimacy through protocols for disclosure. But disclosure has its practical limits; even organizations need a modicum of privacy. This project aims to balance the needs for both legitimacy and privacy by replacing disclosure protocols by more nuanced cryptographic ones. Although well-studied cryptographic protocols can help achieve this goal, several key challenges must be addressed. As a conceptual challenge, this project studies how the use of cryptographic protocols may inadvertently introduce ways for individuals to cheat by colluding. The eventual goal is to eliminate this phenomena. As an implementation challenge. this project proposes a principled way to transform high-level specifications of special cryptographic protocols into implementations. Finally, as an efficiency challenge, this project studies a promising ``optimistic rational'' method for protocol design that can dramatically reduce communication complexity. In summary, this project studies methods organizations can use to establish their legitimacy by analyzing new models, new ways of organizing communication, and new methods for implementation. To disseminate these ideas, this project's educational activities include course development, outreach to high school teachers so that ideas from cryptography can be woven into their lessons, direct interaction with high school students, development of privacy tools, and mentoring.

为了维护他们的合法性，法国国王在见证下被遗忘，醒来，洗澡和穿着公共场合。 美国国会实施了一项信息自由法，以创建公民审核其政府的方法。 这些示例表明，传统上，组织是如何通过披露协议来建立合法性的。但是披露具有其实际限制；甚至组织都需要淡淡的隐私。该项目旨在通过更细微的加密量代替披露协议来平衡合法性和隐私的需求。 尽管经过良好的加密协议可以帮助实现这一目标，但必须解决一些关键的挑战。 作为一个概念上的挑战，该项目研究了加密协议的使用如何无意中引入个人通过勾结作弊的方式。 最终的目标是消除这种现象。 作为实施挑战。该项目提出了一种将特殊加密协议的高级规格转换为实现的原则方法。 最后，作为效率挑战，该项目研究了一种有希望的协议设计的“乐观理性”方法，可以大大降低通信复杂性。总而言之，该项目研究方法组织可以通过分析新模型，新的组织沟通方式以及实施新方法来建立合法性。 为了传播这些想法，该项目的教育活动包括课程发展，向高中教师推广，以便可以将加密术的想法编织成课程，直接与高中生的直接互动，开发隐私工具和指导。