What controls the isotopic signature of terrestrial organic carbon? A biomarker study of the Paleocene and Eocene section in the Bighorn Basin (WY, USA)

是什么控制着陆地有机碳的同位素特征？

• 批准号: 0844212
• 负责人: Katherine Freeman
• 金额: $ 9.67万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0844212&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: What; controls; isotopic; signature; terrestrial

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Actof 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Earth's climate is warming at a pace and magnitude unprecedented in recent times, with profound (but not easilypredicted) consequences for terrestrial ecology and hydrology. Carbonisotopic signatures are an important tool for geologists studyingterrestrial environmental change on long time scales. However, carbonisotopic signatures can vary widely and work on modern plants reveals both environment and community composition can be equally significantinfluences. Although secular carbon isotope variations of atmospheric carbon dioxide are certainly transferred into ancient plant carbon, and thus soil carbon, so also are ecophysiological differences (e.g.,phylogeny, leaf habit, water use)that modulate carbon isotope fractionation between plant biomass and carbon dioxide and as well as carbon from other inputs such as microbes or weathered carbon. Worksupported by this grant will evaluate the relative importance of environment versus community composition as major mechanisms controlling carbon isotope values and molecular signatures of terrestrial plant inputs in the ancient soils and terrestrial sediments in the Paleoceneand Eocene of the Bighorn Basin (WY, USA) across both short term (PETM) and more protracted (Eocene) global warming.

该奖项根据 2009 年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法 111-5）提供资金。地球气候正在以近来前所未有的速度和幅度变暖，对陆地生态和水文学产生深远（但不易预测）的影响。碳同位素特征是地质学家长期研究陆地环境变化的重要工具。然而，碳同位素特征可能差异很大，对现代植物的研究表明，环境和群落组成也可能产生同样重要的影响。尽管大气二氧化碳的长期碳同位素变化肯定会转化为古代植物碳，从而转化为土壤碳，但调节植物生物量和二氧化碳之间碳同位素分馏的生态生理差异（例如系统发育、叶子习性、用水）也同样如此。以及来自其他投入的碳，例如微生物或风化碳。该赠款支持的工作将评估环境与群落组成的相对重要性，作为控制比格霍恩盆地（美国怀俄明州）古新世和始新世古土壤和陆地沉积物中碳同位素值和陆地植物输入分子特征的主要机制短期（PETM）和更持久（始新世）全球变暖。