CAREER: Shock-Tube Studies of Ignition and Oxidation Kinetics at Practical Conditions

职业：实际条件下点火和氧化动力学的激波管研究

• 批准号: 0832561
• 负责人: Eric Petersen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2011-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0832561&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Shock; Tube; Studies; Ignition

CBET-0832561PetersenSince the Earths population continues to grow and counties continue to develop industrially and technologically, our reliance on energy resources remains at the forefront of world science, technology, and politics. Although alternative sources of energy have been pursued for several years, all estimates indicate that the major energy sources for the next 50-100 years or more will continue to be from chemical means. At the heart of this production of energy, whether for electricity or transportation, is the combustion process inside of an engine. Examples include internal combustion engines for automobiles, large gas turbine engines for power plants, and jet engines for aircraft. However, global and local concerns regarding energy conservation, pollution, and dependable fuel supplies place an ever-increasing need for more efficient and cleaner-burning engines. Such demands are often beyond the limits of existing combustion science and technology. To meet the seemingly conflicting demands of increased energy production, fuel flexibility, and emissions reduction, we must understand the combustion processes at the fundamental combustion level and at conditions that are representative of practical devices. A modern frontier in this area includes the chemistry of fuel oxidation at elevated pressures since most engines operate at pressures much greater than atmospheric pressure. The goal of this CAREER award is to better understand the chemistry of fuel ignition and oxidation through experimental research using a facility that is ideal for reproducing high-temperature, high-pressure engine conditions in a laboratory environment: a shock tube.An important global topic such as energy production requires not only advances in scientific research, but trained people to carry it out. Engineers and scientists with a worldview will certainly further the advancement of science at an international level. A critical aspect of this CAREER award therefore involves the participation of students in related research abroad in countries such as Germany and Ireland. Each summer, a student will spend 3 months conducting research at the host international university laboratory. At the grassroots level, the development of future scientists and engineers begins at high school, middle school, and even elementary school. Exposing young students and their teachers to scientific research will help to instill the excitement of science and the desire to pursue careers in scientific research. This CAREER effort includes a K-12 outreach component including a panel of local teachers to serve as an advisory committee for ideas and plans for involving students at a young age in engineering and science. In fact, this 5-year CAREER award alone will give more than a dozen university students several being female or of minority status a first-hand experience in scientific research. Many others will be impacted by the proliferation of ideas and resources into university and K-12 classrooms. In summary, this CAREER effort will acquire much-needed, higher-pressure chemical kinetics data and expose several students at both the university and K-12 levels to the scientific research process. The focus of the study will be on the oxidation kinetics of CO/H2 and certain lower-order hydrocarbons at pressures up to 100 atm, with emphasis on the 10-to-30 atm range and temperatures between roughly 800 and 2000 K. The overall effort is divided into seven tasks: 1) design and construction of a low-temperature, high-pressure shock tube; 2) conduct ignition and oxidation experiments; 3) perform kinetics modeling studies; 4) measure rate coefficients of key reactions; 5) incorporate research experiences at international and industry laboratories; 6) launch a K-12 outreach program to encourage interest in engineering research at an early age; and, 7) instigate a program that involves undergraduate students conducting research year round.The Combustion and Plasma Systems Program and the Office of International Science and Engineering cofund this project.

CBET-0832561彼得森人的人口不断增长，县继续在工业和技术上发展，我们对能源的依赖仍然是世界科学，技术和政治的最前沿。尽管已经追求了几年的替代能源，但所有估计都表明，未来50 - 100年或更长时间的主要能源将继续是化学方法的。这种能源产生的核心，无论是用于电力还是运输，都是发动机内部的燃烧过程。例子包括用于汽车的内燃机，发电厂的大型燃气轮机发动机以及飞机的喷气发动机。但是，全球和当地对节能，污染和可靠的燃料供应的担忧使人们对更高效，更清洁的发动机的需求不断增加。这种需求通常超出了现有燃烧科学和技术的限制。为了满足能源产量增加，燃料灵活性和减少排放量增加的需求，我们必须了解基本燃烧水平和代表实际设备的条件下的燃烧过程。该区域的现代前沿包括高架压力下燃料氧化的化学反应，因为大多数发动机的压力都大得多。该职业奖的目标是通过实验研究更好地了解燃料点火和氧化的化学性能，该设施是在实验室环境中重现高温，高压发动机条件的理想选择：一个震动管：一个重要的全球主题，例如能源生产，不仅需要科学研究的进步，而且还需要培训的人来实现它。拥有世界观的工程师和科学家肯定会在国际层面进步。因此，该职业奖的一个关键方面涉及学生在国外参与德国和爱尔兰等国家的参与。每年夏天，一个学生将在东道国国际大学实验室进行3个月的研究。在基层，未来的科学家和工程师的发展始于高中，中学甚至小学。使年轻学生及其老师接触科学研究将有助于灌输科学的兴奋和从事科学研究中的职业的愿望。这项职业工作包括K-12外展成分，其中包括当地教师小组，以担任咨询委员会的咨询委员会，以使学生年轻时参与工程和科学。实际上，仅此5年的职业奖项就会为十几个大学学生提供女性或少数群体地位的科学研究中的第一手经验。许多其他人将受到大学和K-12教室的思想和资源的扩散的影响。 总而言之，这项职业工作将获得急需的高压化学动力学数据，并在大学和K-12水平上揭露几个学生，以进入科学研究过程。该研究的重点将放在CO/H2的氧化动力学上，以及某些低于100 atm的压力下的较低碳氢化合物，重点是10到30 atm范围以及大约800至2000 K之间的温度。总体上的努力分为七个任务：1）七个任务：1）低敏感性，高压，高压冲击管的设计和构建； 2）进行点火和氧化实验； 3）进行动力学建模研究； 4）衡量关键反应的速率系数； 5）结合国际和行业实验室的研究经验； 6）启动K-12外展计划，以鼓励早年对工程研究的兴趣； 7）启动一项计划，该计划涉及一年四季进行研究的本科生。燃烧和等离子系统计划以及国际科学与工程科福德办公室该项目。