EMT/QIS: Robust Quantum Simulation Techniques for Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation

EMT/QIS：用于容错量子计算的鲁棒量子模拟技术

• 批准号: 0829937
• 负责人: Aram Harrow
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0829937&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EMT; QIS; Robust; Quantum; Simulation

Quantum computers offer fundamental algorithmic advantages over classical computers and building a quantum computer would fundamentally change the power of our computers. Large scale quantum computers, however, are difficult to build in large part due to the fact that quantum systems interact with their environment and quickly lose their quantum nature. The solution to this problem, at least in theory, was provided by the theory of fault-tolerant quantum computation. The theory of fault-tolerant quantum computation, while providing an in principle demonstration of viability of quantum computers, suffers from requiring protocols that have a severe complexity overhead. As a result of these difficulties, an alternative approach toward building a robust quantum computer has been pursued in which many-body quantum systems protect quantum information by encoding this information in suitable protected degrees of freedom. In this approach the natural physics of the system helps protect the quantum information. A difficulty arises, however, due in part to the complexity required of the engineered quantum system. The research being performed here seeks to overcome this obstacle and open the path for constructing the equivalent of a transistor for quantum computers.Here the investigators study three approaches to engineering effective many-body interactions suitable for protecting quantum information. The first approach involves the construction of fault-tolerant perturbation gadgets. This research involves studying the robustness of the perturbation gadgets. The second approach involves the use of quantum circuits to simulate Hamiltonian dynamics. In this technique, research is performed on new methods for fault-tolerant simulation. A final technique involves the use of time-dependent Hamiltonians and the research involves a detailed study of the errors in this time-dependent construction.

量子计算机提供了基本算法优势，而不是古典计算机，构建量子计算机将从根本上改变我们计算机的功能。 但是，大规模量子计算机在很大程度上很难建立，因为量子系统与环境相互作用并迅速失去量子性质。至少在理论上，解决这个问题的解决方案是通过易耐断层量子计算理论提供的。 易耐断层量子计算的理论，同时提供了量子计算机生存能力的原则上的证明，遭受了要求开销严重复杂性的协议。由于这些困难，已经采用了一种构建强大量子计算机的替代方法，其中多体量子系统通过以适当的保护自由度编码此信息来保护量子信息。 在这种方法中，系统的自然物理学有助于保护量子信息。 但是，由于工程量子系统所需的复杂性，出现了一个困难。 这里进行的研究旨在克服这一障碍，并为构建量子计算机的晶体管等效提供了途径。研究人员研究了三种工程工程有效的多体相互作用的方法，适合保护量子信息。 ＆＃64257; rest方法涉及构建耐断层扰动小工具。 这项研究涉及研究扰动小工具的鲁棒性。 第二种方法涉及使用量子电路模拟哈密顿动力学。在此技术中，对耐故障模拟的新方法进行了研究。 A＆＃64257; NAL技术涉及使用时间依赖的哈密顿量，该研究涉及对这种时间依赖性结构中错误的详细研究。