Center for Magnetic Self-Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas

实验室和天体物理等离子体磁自组织中心

• 批准号: 0821899
• 负责人: Ellen Zweibel
• 金额: $ 1176万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0821899&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Center; Magnetic; Self; Organization; Laboratory

The goal of the Center for Magnetic Self-Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas (CMSO), initiated in September, 2003, is to unite laboratory and astrophysical plasma scientists to advance critical plasma physics topics common to both fields. The sense of the CMSO research mission is captured by two large questions: Why is the universe magnetized? How do magnetic fields affect the structure of plasmas? CMSO encompasses and is organized around four, coupled processes: magnetic reconnection, dynamo effects, momentum transport, and magnetic turbulence. The heart of the effort is focused on answering fundamental questions in each area through experiment, computation, and theory, and applying the understanding to important astrophysical problems. These physics problems are addressed by a team of scientists from seven institutions that collectively provide unique tools (seven experiments and an arsenal of computational resources) and great breadth of expertise from the lab to astrophysics, and from experiment to theory to computation. The member institutions are the University of Wisconsin, Princeton University and the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of Chicago, the University of New Hampshire, Swarthmore College, and Science Applications International Corporation. Participating experiments include three toroidal plasma experiments that exhibit many features of self-organization: the MST reversed field pinch (Wisconsin) and two merging plasma experiments, MRX (Princeton) and SSX (Swarthmore); two linear experiments for line-tied reconnection: RSX (Los Alamos), RWX (Wisconsin); and two liquid metal experiments: the MRI experiment (Princeton) for studying the magnetorotational instability, and the Madison Dynamo Experiment. National laboratory participation (Los Alamos, Princeton) will be supported by DOE, as is the experimental infrastructure; thus, CMSO is very much a partnership between NSF and DOE. The educational outreach program is based on The Wonders of Physics lecture-demonstration program through the University of Wisconsin. Under the auspices of this program CMSO representatives make over 100 presentations per year reaching an audience of school children and the general public of 10,000 persons per year. In the past year, presentations were made to 2000 African American children through specially targeted presentations and extensively to Native Americans and rural communities.

2003年9月启动的实验室和天体物理等离子体（CMSO）中磁性自组织中心的目标是团结实验室和天体物理等离子体科学家，以推动这两个领域共有的关键等离子体物理主题。 CMSO研究任务的意义被两个大问题所抓住：为什么宇宙被磁化？磁场如何影响等离子体的结构？ CMSO包含四个耦合过程左右：磁重新连接，发电机效应，动量传输和磁性湍流。 努力的核心集中在通过实验，计算和理论来回答每个领域的基本问题，并将理解应用于重要的天体物理问题。来自七个机构的科学家团队解决了这些物理问题，这些机构共同提供了独特的工具（七个实验和计算资源的武器库），从实验室到天体物理学，从实验到理论到计算，从实验室到天体物理学的专业知识广泛。会员机构是威斯康星大学，普林斯顿大学和普林斯顿血浆物理实验室，洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室，芝加哥大学，新罕布什尔大学，斯沃斯莫尔大学，斯沃斯莫尔学院和科学应用程序国际公司。参与的实验包括三个表现出许多自我组织特征的环形等离子体实验：MST相反的场捏（威斯康星州）和两个合并的等离子体实验，MRX（Princeton）和SSX（SSX（Swarthmore））；线性重新连接的两个线性实验：RSX（Los Alamos），RWX（Wisconsin）；和两个液体金属实验：用于研究磁化不稳定性的MRI实验（普林斯顿）和麦迪逊迪纳摩实验。国家实验室参与（普林斯顿州洛斯阿拉莫斯）将得到DOE的支持，实验基础设施也是如此。因此，CMSO与NSF和DOE之间的伙伴关系非常重要。教育外展计划基于威斯康星大学的物理讲座示威计划的奇迹。 在该计划的主持下，CMSO代表每年进行100多次演讲，吸引了学童和每年10,000人的公众。 在过去的一年中，通过特别有针对性的演讲向2000年非洲裔美国儿童进行了演讲，并广泛地向美洲原住民和农村社区进行了演讲。