Chromosome evolution: Models and tests

染色体进化：模型和测试

• 批准号: 0819901
• 负责人: Mark Kirkpatrick
• 金额: $ 79万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0819901&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chromosome; evolution; Models; tests

Genome research has recently revealed that chromosomes often evolve at astounding rates. The evolutionary forces responsible for these changes are very poorly understood. This research will study those forces using a combination of mathematical models and statistical analyses. There are three specific research themes: (1) models to explain rapid evolutionary changes in which a pair of chromosomes determines sex (seen for example in salmon and tilapia), (2) models to explain how chromosome number and gene arrangement change over evolutionary time, and (3) statistical analyses of data on a new gene arrangement in Drosophila that will test the models.The project will have five kinds of impact beyond its contributions to basic science. First, it will illuminate history of the human genome, which has experienced substantial chromosomal evolution. Second, it will provide key insights regarding how disease vectors (notably the mosquitoes that transmit malaria) have adapted to humans and thus become more virulent. Third, the project will develop and distribute computer software useful for a wide range of genetic analyses. Fourth, the project will train young scientists at the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral levels and will give them opportunities to work with collaborators abroad. Fifth, the research will develop international partnerships between laboratories in the US, the UK, Australia, Switzerland, and France.

基因组研究最近透露，染色体通常以惊人的速度发展。 对这些变化负责的进化力量的理解很少。 这项研究将使用数学模型和统计分析的组合研究这些力。 有三个特定的研究主题：（1）模型来解释快速进化变化，其中一对染色体决定性别（例如在鲑鱼和罗非鱼中看到），（2）模型，以解释染色体的数量和基因排列在进化时间上的染色体数量和基因排列如何变化，（3）对drosopha的新基因贡献的统计分析对五个模型进行了五种模型，该模型将对五个模型进行五种贡献。 首先，它将照亮人类基因组的史，后者经历了大量的染色体进化。 其次，它将提供有关疾病媒介（尤其是传播疟疾的蚊子）如何适应人类并因此变得更具毒性的关键见解。 第三，该项目将开发和分发计算机软件，可用于广泛的遗传分析。 第四，该项目将在本科，毕业生和博士后水平培训年轻科学家，并将为他们提供与国外合作者合作的机会。 第五，这项研究将在美国，英国，澳大利亚，瑞士和法国之间建立国际伙伴关系。