Collaborative Research: Foreland basin development and biotic change in Late Ordovician trilobite faunas of eastern North America

合作研究：北美东部晚奥陶世三叶虫动物群的前陆盆地发育和生物变化

• 批准号: 0819715
• 负责人: Stephen Westrop
• 金额: $ 13万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0819715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Foreland; basin; development

Collaborative Research: Foreland basin development and biotic changein Late Ordovician trilobite faunas of eastern North AmericaStephen Westrop, Univ. Oklahoma, EAR-0819715Lisa Amati, SUNY Potsdam, EAR-0819717Carlton Brett, Univ. Cincinnati, EAR-0819820Matthew Saltzman, Ohio State Univ., EAR-0819832 ABSTRACTThis project focuses on the minor extinctions that restructure ecosystems on regional to continent-wide scales and commonly punctuate intervals of relative ecological stability. These geologically frequent extinction events may have a cumulative effect on the biosphere that exceeds the impact of the better-known, relatively rare global mass extinctions. Such minor extinctions are also of interest because they may be closer in scale to many of the processes of anthropogenic habitat alteration that threaten the modern biota.PIs will study two episodes of biotic turnover in the Late Ordovician trilobite faunas of eastern North America that are responses to profound environmental changes associated with the development of the Appalachian Foreland Basin during the Taconic Orogeny. They will use a comparative approach to discover features common to both events. The younger event, in the late Edenian-Maysvillian is characterized by incursions of trilobite biofacies dominated by the oleniodean, Triarthrus that may be the biotic signatures of regional paleoceanographic shifts associated with tectonically-related changes in basin configuration and/or eustasy. Other environmental changes are expressed at the older event (Turinian?Chatfieldian boundary interval) by the appearance in shallow water settings of cryptolithine trilobites, a group that typically occurs in deeper environments.Two transects into the foreland basin, Kentucky?Tennessee?Virginia and central New York?southern Ontario, will be included in the study. South-central Oklahoma, a region outside of the Appalachian foreland basin, will be used as a ?control? to help isolate faunal patterns that are unique to the basin. The environments will be reconstructed by combining data from the sedimentary rock succession with carbon isotope curves. The project includes a full treatment of the systematics, biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the trilobite faunas.The broader impact of the proposed activity lies in education and training; four graduate students and at least four undergraduates will participate in the study. PIs will also bring the broader implications of the study of extinctions to the public by developing a ?virtual exhibit? and other web-based educational resources in collaboration with the Education Department at the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History. They will consider not only extinctions in ?deep time?, but also the recent past (Quaternary extinctions) and the challenges currently facing the biosphere (such issues as global climate change, ocean acidification, and habitat destruction).

合作研究：前盆地盆地开发和生物变化，北北美洲卫生部韦斯特罗普的奥陶纪晚期三叶树动物群。俄克拉荷马州，EAR-0819715LISA AMATI，SUNY POTSDAM，EAR-0819717CARLTON BRETT，UNIV。辛辛那提，EAR-0819820matthew Saltzman，俄亥俄州立大学，EAR-0819832 Abstrack This This This Prokisent侧重于重组对区域范围内范围范围的较小的生态系统，并通常对相对生态稳定性进行分注。这些地质频繁的灭绝事件可能会对超出较知名，相对罕见的全球质量灭绝的影响的生物圈产生累积影响。 这种较小的灭绝也引起了人们的关注，因为它们可能会更近于许多人为栖息地改变的过程，威胁到现代Biota.pis。他们将使用一种比较方法来发现这两个事件共有的功能。 年轻的事件在晚期的伊甸园 - 麦维利式中的特征是侵蚀三叶虫生物相，由橄榄石，三角肌主导，这可能是与盆地构型和/或eustasy的构造相关变化相关的区域古环学转移的生物特征。 在较旧的事件（都灵？查菲尔德边界间隔）中表达了其他环境变化，这是在浅磷脂Trilobites的浅水环境中出现的，该小组通常发生在更深层次的环境中。两个人肯塔基州盆地盆地？田纳西州？ 俄克拉荷马州中南部是阿巴拉契亚前陆盆地以外的一个地区，将被用作控制吗？帮助隔离盆地独有的动物模式。通过将沉积岩继任的数据与碳同位素曲线相结合的数据，将重建环境。该项目包括对三叶树动物区系的系统学，生物地层学和古生物学的全面处理。拟议活动的更广泛影响在于教育和培训；四名研究生和至少四名大学生将参加这项研究。 PI还将通过开发虚拟展览来将灭绝研究的更广泛含义带给公众？和其他基于网络的教育资源与俄克拉荷马州自然历史博物馆的教育部门合作。 他们不仅会在“深度？”中考虑灭绝，而且还会考虑最近的过去（第四纪灭绝）以及目前面临的生物圈面临的挑战（全球气候变化，海洋酸化和栖息地破坏）。