Doctoral Dissertation Research: Electoral Strategies and Poverty Programs

博士论文研究：选举策略和扶贫计划

• 批准号: 0819600
• 负责人: David Collier
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0819600&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Electoral; Strategies

This project investigates the politically motivated targeting of poverty programs in Northeast Brazil, focusing on mayors in rural municipalities. This topic stands at the intersection between literature on distributive politics that is commanding central theoretical attention in political science and research on the politics of poverty in Northeast Brazil, the poorest area of Brazil and one of the most unequal regions of the world.A wide body of literature vigorously debates how politicians target distributive benefits such as particularistic goods and infrastructure projects. Some scholars argue that they target core supporters while others contend they target swing voters. This project directly engages this debate, but also pursues a new research agenda on how mobilization affects the targeting of benefits. Four questions are examined. When do mayors target core vs. swing voters as they allocate benefits, in order to influence the vote choices of individuals who already participate in elections? When are benefits distributed to induce the turnout of individuals who do not participate in elections? How do targeting strategies vary across different attributes of targetable goods? Do potential recipients believe that benefits are conditional on political support and trust? These questions are answered through the use of 144 in-depth interviews of both municipal officials and the rural poor. The quantitative component, funded from other sources, uses official Brazilian data that remains untapped by social scientists for which among other things Global Positioning System technology is employed to map beneficiaries in over 380,000 electoral precincts. The econometric analysis of these data provides new leverage in understanding both distributive politics and clientelism. The qualitative data suggests hypotheses for quantitative tests and provides an ongoing check for the plausibility of quantitative findings.This project deepens our udnerstanding of the politics of poverty reduction. It provides key information that can help policymakers improve poverty reduction program, and it engages a broader audience concerned with poverty reduction in Brazil and beyond.

该项目调查了巴西东北部贫困计划的出于政治动机的针对目标，重点是农村市长。 该主题立于关于分配政治的文献之间的交集，这在政治学中引起了基于理论的关注和关于巴西东北部贫困政治的研究，巴西最贫穷的地区，世界上最贫穷的地区，是世界上最不平等的地区之一。广泛的文学辩论是政治家的目标分配方式如何使诸如特定的商品和基础构造项目受益。 一些学者认为，他们针对核心支持者，而另一些学者则认为他们针对摇摆人。 该项目直接参与了这场辩论，但也遵循有关动员如何影响利益的新研究议程。检查了四个问题。 为了影响已经参加选举的个人的投票选择，市长何时以核心和摇摆选民的身份分配福利？ 什么时候分配福利来引起不参加选举的个人的投票？ 目标策略如何因目标商品的不同属性而异？ 潜在的接收者是否认为利益是有条件的，以政治支持和信任？ 通过使用144次对市政官员和农村穷人的深入访谈来回答这些问题。 来自其他来源资助的定量组成部分使用了官方的巴西数据，这些数据仍未受到社会科学家的开头，其中除其他方面，全球定位系统技术还采用了超过380,000个选举区的受益人。 这些数据的计量经济分析为理解分配政治和客户主义提供了新的杠杆作用。 定性数据提出了定量测试的假设，并为定量发现的合理性提供了持续的检查。该项目加深了我们对减贫政治的影响。 它提供了关键信息，可以帮助决策者改善减少贫困计划，并吸引更广泛的受众与巴西及其他地区的减贫。