Collaborative Research: Social Networks in Chronic Disasters - Exposure, Evacuation, and Resettlement

合作研究：慢性灾害中的社交网络 - 暴露、疏散和重新安置

• 批准号: 0751264
• 负责人: Linda Whiteford
• 金额: $ 10.05万
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0751264&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Social; Networks; Chronic

Dr. Eric C. Jones and Dr. Arthur D. Murphy (University of North Carolina at Greensboro) will collaborate with Dr. Linda M. Whiteford and Dr. Graham A. Tobin (University of South Florida) to undertake research on the role of social networks in helping individuals and communities to recover from natural disasters. Previous research has found that using personal and community social networks can be a crucially important complement to help provided by institutions. Social networks appear to enhance individual and group recovery from hazard exposure, evacuations, and community resettlement. However, there are few formal Social Networks Analysis investigations of how these critical relations develop and operate to mitigate disaster effects. This research team will address that gap.Social Network Analysis can distinguish between groups that are densely connected, moderately connected, and loosely bridged by social ties. In Mexico, this research team found that social networks that produced moderate connections were particularly effective. This new study will build on that finding and consider more precisely the roles played by different kinds of network subgroups within three communities that have been affected in different ways by the ongoing eruptions of Mount Tungurahua, Ecuador. One community was temporarily evacuated; another community is made up of residents permanently resettled community from villages destroyed by recent major eruptions. and the third community has experienced ash falls has stayed put. The researchers will conduct surveys with 150 households about networks, well-being, disaster impact, and household characteristics. These quantitative data will be complemented by in-depth interviews to understand exactly how people recruit assistance from their networks. This research is important because it will further our understanding of why some people and communities successfully recover from disasters and other do not. In particular, it will answer the question of how access to different kinds of resources from social relationships does or does not help victims adapt to the cascade of impacts that follow in the wake of disaster events. The methodological innovations proposed for this study can be adapted to other social sciences, plus applied to disaster mitigation and resettlement efforts, economic development projects, and political violence, to support the kinds of networks that already exist. The researchers will also provide educational benefits to students who will accompany them to the field.

埃里克·琼斯（Eric C.社交网络帮助个人和社区从自然灾害中恢复过来。先前的研究发现，使用个人和社区社交网络对于机构提供的帮助至关重要。社交网络似乎可以增强个人和团体恢复，并从危险暴露，疏散和社区安置中恢复。但是，几乎没有正式的社交网络分析研究这些关键关系如何发展和运作以减轻灾难效应。该研究团队将解决差距。社会网络分析可以区分与社会关系密集连接，中等连接和松散桥接的群体。在墨西哥，该研究小组发现，产生适度联系的社交网络特别有效。这项新研究将基于这一发现，并更准确地考虑三个社区中不同类型的网络亚组所扮演的角色，这些社区因厄瓜多尔山的不断爆发而以不同的方式影响。一个社区被暂时撤离；另一个社区由居民从最近的重大爆发摧毁的村庄永久安置社区组成。第三个社区经历了Ash Falls的体验。研究人员将向150个家庭进行有关网络，福祉，灾难影响和家庭特征的调查。这些定量数据将通过深入的访谈进行补充，以确切了解人们如何从网络中招募帮助。这项研究很重要，因为它将进一步了解为什么有些人和社区成功地从灾难中康复，而其他人则不会。特别是，它将回答一个问题，即如何从社会关系中获得不同种类的资源确实有助于受害者适应灾难事件后随后发生的一系列影响。为这项研究提出的方法论创新可以适应其他社会科学，以及用于缓解灾难和重新安置工作，经济发展项目和政治暴力，以支持已经存在的各种网络。研究人员还将为陪同他们参加该领域的学生提供教育利益。