Strengthening Qualitative Research Through Methodological Innovation and Integration: An Integration of Conversation Analysis and Ethnography

通过方法创新和整合加强定性研究：对话分析与民族志的整合

• 批准号: 0751032
• 负责人: Stefan Timmermans
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-15 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0751032&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Strengthening; Qualitative; Research; Through; Methodological

SES-0751032Stefan TimmermansJohn HeritageUniversity of California, Los AngelesThe aim of this project is to develop a set of methodological guidelines for integrating conversation analysis and ethnography. Conversation analysis is a widely used methodology focused on verbal communication for the investigation of social interaction. Ethnography is a methodology in which researchers participate in people's daily lives for an extended period of time to gather close observational data. In spite of their shared interests, few studies have successfully integrated both approaches. Conversation analysts have closely examined verbal exchanges but paid little attention to how these conversations contribute to the broader social picture. Ethnographers, in contrast, have been more sensitive to the social framing of interactions but tend to gloss over key details of interactions. In this mixed-methods project the investigators use ethnographic methods to provide access to salient social contexts, while using conversation analysis to trace detailed mechanisms of social change. They develop this mixed method approach to investigate the effects of newborn screening results on families. Newborn screening is a recently developed technique for determining rare metabolic and genetic disorders in infants. In the U.S. a 'heelprick' blood test is applied to all newborns for this purpose. Possible abnormalities are reported to pediatricians and referred to geneticists for further exploration. This study uses conversation analysis to study the details of communication between geneticists and parents immediately following test results, and uses ethnographic methods to follow the families' reactions and adjustments to the diagnosis over a two-year period. An integrated conversation analysis-ethnography research agenda will study social interaction as a sequence of processes that constitute the course of individual lives, formation of families, and working of social institutions. The goal is identify how clinician-parent communications influence family understandings of the diagnosis and its consequences, together with their adoption of coping strategies. In terms of broader impact, study findings contribute methodological to combining conversation analysis and ethnography and substantively to scholarship on communication and its consequences in newborn screening. In addition, while researchers are developing technologies to include more rare genetic conditions in newborn screening, little is known about the communication of these test results with their context of diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty. The study will yield policy relevant data about the social consequences of newborn screening and the effects of various communication styles, disease, and patient characteristics.

SES-0751032STEFAN TIMMERMANSJOHN HERITAGEUNIVERSIDES，该项目的洛杉矶目的是制定一组方法论指南，以整合对话分析和人种志。对话分析是一种广泛使用的方法，侧重于口头交流，以调查社会互动。民族志是一种方法论，研究人员长时间参与人们的日常生活，以收集密切的观察数据。尽管他们有共同的利益，但很少有研究成功整合了这两种方法。对话分析师已经仔细研究了口头交流，但很少关注这些对话如何促进更广泛的社交形象。相比之下，民族志学家对互动的社会框架更为敏感，但往往会掩盖互动的关键细节。在这个混合方法项目中，研究人员使用人种学方法来提供对显着社会环境的访问，同时使用对话分析来追踪社会变革的详细机制。 他们开发了这种混合方法来研究新生儿筛查结果对家庭的影响。 新生儿筛查是一种最近开发的技术，用于确定婴儿中罕见的代谢和遗传疾病。在美国，为此，对所有新生儿进行了“脚跟”的血液检查。据报道，儿科医生可能异常，并转交给遗传学家以进行进一步探索。这项研究使用对话分析来研究遗传学家和父母在测试结果之后的沟通细节，并使用人种学方法在两年内跟随家庭的反应和对诊断的调整。一项综合的对话分析 - 媒体研究议程将研究社会互动，这是一系列构成个人生活，家庭形成和社会机构工作的过程。 目的是确定临床医生 - 父母的沟通如何影响家庭对诊断及其后果的理解，以及他们采用应对策略。在更广泛的影响方面，研究结果有助于结合对话分析和人种志的方法论，并实质上促进了沟通及其在新生儿筛查中的后果。此外，尽管研究人员正在开发技术以在新生儿筛查中包括更罕见的遗传状况，但对这些测试结果的交流及其诊断和预后不确定性的背景知之甚少。 该研究将产生有关新生儿筛查的社会后果以及各种沟通方式，疾病和患者特征的影响的政策相关数据。