SGER: A New Method for Trophic Reconstructions of Marine Fishes From d13C and d15N Analyses of Individual Amino Acids in Otoliths

SGER：通过耳石中单个氨基酸的 d13C 和 d15N 分析重建海洋鱼类营养的新方法

• 批准号: 0750894
• 负责人: Simon Thorrold
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0750894&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; New; Method; Trophic; Reconstructions

Stable carbon and nitrogen signatures have proved useful in reconstructing migratory pathways and food webs in marine fishes. Otoliths are particularly amenable to suitable for such analyses because they contain a dated record of environmental and physiological conditions experienced by a fish throughout its life. However, the full potential of stable isotope analysis has yet to be realized due to the small quantity of organic material present in otoliths. Hence, the investigators will develop a new technique, based on moving wire isotope ratio mass spectrometry, for compound-specific analyses of d13C and d15N ratios in small (2-5 nmol) amounts of purified amino acids from otoliths in marine fishes. Once developed, the technique will be suitable for any application that requires measurement of C and N isotopes in organic material where sample quantity is limited. These data will be transformative when coupled with migratory information recorded in the inorganic isotope and trace element chemistry of otolith aragonite because researchers will be able to determine not only where an individual fish was living, but also what it was eating, throughout its life. The broader impacts include support for the PhD research of one student and incorporation of the research into courses taught by the investigator. The research will also benefit society by providing critical information for the development of ecosystem management strategies for marine-capture fisheries. The use of amino acids that fractionate trophically more than bulk C and N will undoubtedly improve resolution of diet studies based on C and N isotopes. This will, in turn, allow fisheries scientists to better understand the links between climate and fisheries production, and to explore these relationships during past regime shifts on the west coast of the U.S., and trophic cascades in the western Atlantic Ocean

事实证明，稳定的碳和氮特征可用于重建海洋鱼类的迁移途径和食物网。耳石特别适合适合此类分析，因为它们包含一生中鱼类经历的环境和生理状况的日期记录。但是，由于耳石中存在的有机材料少量，稳定同位素分析的全部潜力尚未实现。因此，研究人员将基于移动电线同位素比质谱法开发一种新技术，以在小（2-5 nmol）中的D13C和D15N比的化合物特异性分析中，来自海洋鱼类的口腔岩的纯化氨基酸。一旦开发，该技术将适用于需要测量样品数量有限量的有机材料中C和N同位素的任何应用。这些数据与记录在无机同位素和痕量元素化学中的迁移信息相结合时将具有变革性，因为研究人员将不仅能够确定单个鱼类的生活在哪里，而且能够在其一生中确定所吃的东西。更广泛的影响包括对一名学生的博士学位研究的支持以及将研究纳入研究人员教授的课程中。 这项研究还将通过为制定海洋捕获渔业的生态系统管理策略提供关键信息来使社会受益。比大量C和N的氨基酸使用更多的氨基酸将无疑会改善基于C和N同位素的饮食研究的分辨率。反过来，这将使渔业科学家能够更好地了解气候与渔业生产之间的联系，并在美国西海岸的过去政权转移期间探索这些关系，以及西大西洋的Trophic Cascades