Identification, Characterization & Measurement of Design Skills and Designer Profiles

鉴定、表征

• 批准号: 0728192
• 负责人: Jami Shah
• 金额: $ 34万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0728192&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Identification; Characterization; & Measurement; Design

The research objective of this award is to gain a formal understanding of design skills that are critical in early phases of engineering design. The major components of this project are: (1) Enumeration of design skills and their association with specific conceptual design tasks; (2) Characterization of these skills in terms of measurable indicators that are theoretically and empirically verifiable; (3) Study of relationships between sub-factors of different indicators of each skill; (4) Investigation of skill measurement instruments; (5) Evaluation and refinement of measurement instruments using criterion and construct validity checks; (6) Characterization of designer profiles and team profiles in terms of skill sets. This research will connect design research to established cognitive theories of human problem solving and learning, visual and spatial reasoning, pattern recognition and scientific discovery. It seeks to gain insights into how design knowledge is used and what differentiates good designers from ones less skilled. If successful, the results of this research will improve design education and collaborative team based design. Design exercises and courses could target specific skills or sub-sets of those skills, and the effectiveness of these exercises or courses could be evaluated in an objective manner by tracking changes in designer profiles. Skill based grading would be a radical departure from current grading practices, identifying strengths and weaknesses of individuals explicitly. For forming collaborative design teams in industry, complementary designer profiles could be matched to ensure that the team as a whole has all of the skills deemed essential for the of project that it is to undertake. Since the human designer is the most important element in product development, it is important to gain a fundamental understanding of skill sets possessed by good designers.

该奖项的研究目标是获得对工程设计早期阶段至关重要的设计技能的正式理解。该项目的主要组成部分是：（1）设计技能的列举及其与具体概念设计任务的关联； (2) 用可在理论和经验上验证的可衡量指标来表征这些技能； （3）研究各项技能不同指标子因素之间的关系； （四）技能测量仪器考察； (5) 使用标准对测量仪器进行评估和细化并进行有效性检查； (6) 在技能方面描述设计师概况和团队概况。这项研究将把设计研究与人类问题解决和学习、视觉和空间推理、模式识别和科学发现的既定认知理论联系起来。它旨在深入了解如何使用设计知识以及优秀设计师与技能较差的设计师的区别。如果成功，这项研究的结果将改善设计教育和基于协作团队的设计。设计练习和课程可以针对特定技能或这些技能的子集，并且可以通过跟踪设计师资料的变​​化以客观的方式评估这些练习或课程的有效性。基于技能的评分将彻底背离当前的评分实践，明确识别个人的优势和劣势。为了在行业中组建协作设计团队，可以匹配互补的设计师资料，以确保团队作为一个整体拥有其所承担的项目所必需的所有技能。由于人类设计师是产品开发中最重要的元素，因此对优秀设计师所拥有的技能有一个基本的了解非常重要。