SGER: Scientific Drilling for Human Origins: Exploring the Application of Drill Core Records to Understanding Hominin Evolution
SGER:人类起源的科学钻探:探索钻芯记录在了解古人类进化中的应用
基本信息
- 批准号:0725553
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2007
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2007-08-01 至 2010-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
PIs propose to investigate how continental scientific drilling can be used as a tool in understanding the environmental background of human origins. This new research direction in merging earth science and paleoanthropology will involve obtaining sediment drill core samples from lake beds located on-land, close to areas of critical importance for understanding human evolution. Their efforts will be focused around critical time intervals for human origins during the last 3.5 million years. In this first phase of research, they will obtain critical site-survey and subsurface data for four key localities in Kenya and Ethiopia, essential to the success of a future drilling program, to be funded by a later proposal. They also request partial funding for a drilling workshop, to consider the technical and scientific opportunities and challenges posed by each of the sites under consideration.Prior researchers have asked the key question of why evolution of humans and their close relatives displays a pulsed pattern, with well-defined periods of extensive speciation or extinction, cultural change and geographic expansion, interspersed with long periods when relatively little change seems to occur. Is this the result of broad forcing effects of either directional environmental change (climate, etc.), the result of changes in the variability of local or regional environments, or some yet-unrecognized mechanism. These efforts have proceeded either by correlating broad-scale patterns of human evolutionary patterns with the global beat of climate variability as recorded in the continuous records of deep-sea sediment cores or, by correlating regional shifts in the fossil and archaeological record with more local patterns of environmental change, inferred from outcrop records of ancient soils, lake beds and non-hominin fossils. PIs argue for a new research direction linking the earth science and anthropology communities in addressing this central question about human origins, combining the strengths of both of the approaches above, and avoiding some of their inherent weaknesses. Their plan promotes a concerted effort to obtain drill core records from near-continuous sedimentary sequences located close to areas of critical importance for understanding hominin evolution, focused around critical time intervals for their key question above. Drill cores will provide a record that will vastly improve understanding of environmental history in the places and times where various species of our near-relatives lived. Obtaining such records from on land will provide a more detailed and resolved record than what we can currently infer from deep sea core records. Finally, because the largest number of critical events in man's evolutionary history occurred in Africa, such a drilling campaign should start in that continent. Few scientific questions can be more central to humanity than understanding where we have come from as a species, and how our environment has shaped our biological and technological evolution. Results from this proposal will pave the way for a new direction for helping researchers address these questions and will foster a new avenue for earth science/anthropology collaborations. This international drilling program has important science training opportunities for involving early-career American and African scientists in all aspects of the project. Several students will be involved in the seismic site survey exercises leading up to the workshop, and some students who are likely to join the program in post-graduate work would be able to attend the workshop. This award is co-funded by NSF's Office of International Science and Engineering.
PI 提议研究如何利用大陆科学钻探作为了解人类起源的环境背景的工具。这一融合地球科学和古人类学的新研究方向将涉及从陆地上的湖床获取沉积物钻芯样本,这些湖床靠近对理解人类进化至关重要的区域。他们的工作将集中在过去 350 万年人类起源的关键时间间隔上。在第一阶段的研究中,他们将获得肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚四个关键地点的关键现场调查和地下数据,这对于未来钻探计划的成功至关重要,该计划将由后续提案资助。他们还要求为钻探研讨会提供部分资金,以考虑每个正在考虑的地点所带来的技术和科学机会和挑战。先前的研究人员提出了一个关键问题:为什么人类及其近亲的进化表现出脉冲模式,广泛的物种形成或灭绝、文化变迁和地理扩张的明确时期,其间穿插着似乎发生相对较小变化的长期时期。这是定向环境变化(气候等)的广泛强迫效应的结果,是当地或区域环境变异性变化的结果,还是某些尚未认识的机制的结果。 这些努力要么通过将人类进化模式的大范围模式与深海沉积物岩心的连续记录中记录的全球气候变化的节拍联系起来,要么通过将化石和考古记录的区域变化与更多的当地模式联系起来。根据古代土壤、湖床和非古人类化石的露头记录推断出环境变化的影响。 PI 主张建立一个新的研究方向,将地球科学和人类学界联系起来,解决有关人类起源的核心问题,结合上述两种方法的优点,并避免它们的一些固有弱点。他们的计划促进共同努力,从接近连续的沉积序列中获取钻芯记录,这些沉积序列位于对了解古人类进化至关重要的区域附近,重点关注上述关键问题的关键时间间隔。钻芯将提供记录,极大地增进对我们近亲不同物种生活的地点和时间的环境历史的了解。从陆地上获取此类记录将提供比我们目前从深海岩心记录推断出的记录更详细、更解析的记录。最后,由于人类进化史上最多的关键事件发生在非洲,因此这样的钻探活动应该从该大陆开始。 对于人类来说,很少有科学问题比了解我们作为一个物种从哪里来,以及我们的环境如何塑造我们的生物和技术进化更重要。 该提案的结果将为帮助研究人员解决这些问题铺平道路,并将为地球科学/人类学合作开辟新途径。该国际钻探计划提供重要的科学培训机会,让美国和非洲的早期职业科学家参与该项目的各个方面。一些学生将参与研讨会之前的地震现场调查练习,一些可能参加研究生项目的学生将能够参加研讨会。该奖项由美国国家科学基金会国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Andrew Cohen其他文献
Over the Counter Antifungal Spray Causing Frostbite: Case Study
非处方抗真菌喷雾导致冻伤:案例研究
- DOI:
10.1016/j.fastrc.2023.100295 - 发表时间:
2023-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Gabriel Hamawi;Rafael Hamawi;Derek Tesoro;Andrew Cohen - 通讯作者:
Andrew Cohen
Species in Ancient Lakes 9: An introduction to the conference and special section
古湖物种 9:会议简介和专题部分
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.2
- 作者:
Andrew Cohen;Walter Salzburger - 通讯作者:
Walter Salzburger
Maximum Entropy Diverse Exploration: Disentangling Maximum Entropy Reinforcement Learning
最大熵多样化探索:解开最大熵强化学习
- DOI:
10.1109/robio55434.2022.10011816 - 发表时间:
2019-11-03 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Andrew Cohen;Lei Yu;Xingye Qiao;Xiangrong Tong - 通讯作者:
Xiangrong Tong
Perspectives from modern hydrology and hydrochemistry on a lacustrine biodiversity hotspot: Ancient Lake Poso, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
现代水文学和水化学对湖泊生物多样性热点的看法:印度尼西亚中苏拉威西岛古波索湖
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jglr.2023.102254 - 发表时间:
2023-11-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.2
- 作者:
Adrianus Damanik;D. J. Janssen;Nicolas Tournier;Bjoern Stelbrink;T. Rintelen;G. D. Haffner;Andrew Cohen;S. Y. Cahyarini;Hendrik Vogel;Fabrizia Ronco - 通讯作者:
Fabrizia Ronco
Transfer RL across Observation Feature Spaces via Model-Based Regularization
通过基于模型的正则化在观察特征空间之间传递强化学习
- DOI:
10.1016/j.eswa.2023.120136 - 发表时间:
2022-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Yanchao Sun;Ruijie Zheng;Xiyao Wang;Andrew Cohen;Furong Huang - 通讯作者:
Furong Huang
Andrew Cohen的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Andrew Cohen', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: BoCP-Implementation: The impact of climate change on functional biodiversity across spatiotemporal scales at Lake Tanganyika, Africa
合作研究:BoCP-实施:气候变化对非洲坦噶尼喀湖跨时空尺度功能性生物多样性的影响
- 批准号:
2224887 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
REU Site: From the Clouds to the Core: A Place-Based REU for Southwestern US Community/Tribal College Students to Increase Under-Represented Group Recruitment to the Geosciences
REU 网站:从云端到核心:为美国西南部社区/部落大学生提供基于地点的 REU,以增加地球科学领域代表性不足群体的招聘
- 批准号:
2149572 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Reconstructing the Origins of the Colorado River: An Integrative Study of the Miocene-Pliocene Bouse Formation
合作研究:重建科罗拉多河的起源:中新世-上新世布斯地层的综合研究
- 批准号:
1545998 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Operations Support For Continental Scientific Drilling Workshops
大陆科学钻探车间的运营支持
- 批准号:
1265197 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
FESD Type I: Earth System Dynamics and its Role in Human Evolution in Africa
FESD I 型:地球系统动力学及其在非洲人类进化中的作用
- 批准号:
1338553 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: The Hominid Sites And Paleolakes Drilling Project: Acquiring a High Resolution Paleoenvironmental Context of Human Evolution
合作研究:原始人类遗址和古湖泊钻探项目:获取人类进化的高分辨率古环境背景
- 批准号:
1123000 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
IPG: Collaborative Research: A high-resolution analysis of unique paleoenvironmental data from key hominin sites in East Africa
IPG:合作研究:对东非主要古人类遗址的独特古环境数据进行高分辨率分析
- 批准号:
1241859 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: The Lake Malawi Drilling Project - A long, high-resolution record of abrupt climate change in the southern tropics of East Africa
合作研究:马拉维湖钻探项目——东非南部热带气候突变的长期高分辨率记录
- 批准号:
0602350 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Inducing Features from Visual Noise using Statistical Machine Learning Techniques
使用统计机器学习技术从视觉噪声中归纳特征
- 批准号:
0631602 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Stratigraphy and sedimentology of South American foreland basin lakes: Keys to deciphering climatic and tectonic controls on lacustrine deposition in ancient foreland basins
南美前陆盆地湖泊的地层学和沉积学:破译古代前陆盆地湖泊沉积的气候和构造控制的关键
- 批准号:
0542993 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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规划:CDP:伊萨瓦尔湖盆地研究努力 (LIBRE) 项目 - 确保大陆科学钻探项目成功的规划活动
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