Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science/Law and Social Science: Neglected Portions of Separation of Powers Interactions

政治学/法学和社会科学博士论文研究：权力分立互动中被忽视的部分

• 批准号: 0719945
• 负责人: Micheal Giles
• 金额: $ 0.77万
• 依托单位: Emory University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0719945&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Science

Primary Investigators: Bethany Blackstone and Micheal W. GilesThe Neglected Portions of Separation of Powers Interactions0719945AbstractThis research project assesses two research questions. First, under what conditions does Congress alter its decision to enact legislation because of negative treatment by the Supreme Court? Second, is Congress able to effectively countermand the directives of the Supreme Court? The overwhelming majority of empirical work in the separation of powers (SOP) tradition focuses on either the decision of the Supreme Court to exercise review or the decision of Congress to respond to Supreme Court decisions. I extend the consideration of strategic behavior backwards to the initial decision of Congress to enact legislation and forward to the aftermath of passage of responsive legislation. To assess the hypothesis of a judicial constraint on Congress, I will collect data on all bills granted hearings in the House and Senate Judiciary Committees between 1970 and 2002 and on all bills granted hearings in any committee between 1954 and 1995 that contain provisions that would overrule, modify, or clarify constitutional decisions of the Supreme Court between 1954 and 1995. I will assess the effect of Supreme Court ideology on the decision to enact these proposed bills. To evaluate the ability of Congress to nullify the decisions of the Supreme Court, I will consider the substance and aftermath of legislation passed in response to the Supreme Court's constitutional decisions between 1954 and 2005. In addition to the significant amounts of new data that will be collected, the dissertation project will make methodological contributions that will be of value to other scholars of Congress and the separation of powers. Methodological innovations include a new measure of the congressional agenda that is based on bills granted hearings in committees and accessible methods scholars can employ to locate policy outcomes in a unidimensional policy space.The broader impacts of the project include the advancement of understanding of the relationship between Congress and the Court that has implications for scholars of interbranch relations and the American public. The project addresses theoretical and empirical issues of interest to legal academics and political scientists but also contributes to the more practical evaluation of the relative influence of Congress and the Court on policy outcomes and analysis of the extent to which the Court acts as a countermajoritarian force in American politics.

主要研究者：Bethany Blackstone 和 Micheal W. Giles 权力分立相互作用中被忽视的部分0719945摘要本研究项目评估了两个研究问题。首先，国会在什么情况下会因最高法院的消极对待而改变立法决定？其次，国会是否能够有效地撤销最高法院的指令？权力分立（SOP）传统中的绝大多数实证工作都集中在最高法院进行审查的决定或国会对最高法院判决做出回应的决定。我将对战略行为的考虑向后延伸到国会颁布立法的最初决定，并向前延伸到响应性立法通过的后果。为了评估国会受到司法限制的假设，我将收集 1970 年至 2002 年间在众议院和参议院司法委员会举行听证会的所有法案的数据，以及 1954 年至 1995 年间在任何委员会举行听证会的所有法案的数据，这些法案包含推翻的条款、修改或澄清1954年至1995年间最高法院的宪法决定。我将评估最高法院意识形态对颁布这些决定的影响拟议的法案。为了评估国会废除最高法院判决的能力，我将考虑 1954 年至 2005 年间针对最高法院宪法判决而通过的立法的实质内容和后果。收集后，论文项目将做出方法论贡献，这对国会和权力分立的其他学者有价值。方法论创新包括国会议程的新衡量标准，该议程基于委员会听证会批准的法案以及学者可以用来在单维政策空间中定位政策结果的可用方法。该项目的更广泛影响包括增进对两者之间关系的理解国会和法院对研究部门间关系的学者和美国公众具有影响。该项目解决了法律学者和政治学家感兴趣的理论和实证问题，但也有助于更实际地评估国会和法院对政策结果的相对影响力，并分析法院在多大程度上发挥反多数主义力量的作用。美国政治。