Understanding the Influence of Global Air Pollution on U.S. Air Quality Through Observations at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory

通过巴赫山天文台的观测了解全球空气污染对美国空气质量的影响

• 批准号: 0724327
• 负责人: Daniel Jaffe
• 金额: $ 59.24万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0724327&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Influence; Global; Air; Pollution

The Principal Investigator (PI) and colleagues will carry out a multi-year sequence of observations of carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), nitrogen oxides (NOx), total reactive nitrogen (NOy), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and aerosol physical properties at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory, a high elevation site in the Pacific Northwest. This site has been shown to frequently receive pollutants transported from Asia in the free troposphere. This project builds on previous work on the implications of increasing Asian and global emissions for background air quality. The observations will be used to address new scientific questions concerning the implications of Asian pollutants on U.S. air quality. The over-arching question is: How do changing Asian emissions and global biomass burning emissions influence air quality in the U.S? A major hypothesis is that PAN is a key indicator of changing Asian NOx emissions (from all sources) and that interannual variations in PAN will correlate with interannual variations in tropospheric ozone, as observed by both in-situ and satellite instruments. Broader impacts stem from the fact that Asian emissions affect air quality in the United States. This project will provide scientific information to air quality regulators on influences from non-local sources. In addition, the project will allow the Mt. Bachelor Observatory to continue to develop as a national resource by making it available to other researchers. Several graduate students will also receive research experience and training over the course of the experiments.

首席研究员 (PI) 及其同事将对一氧化碳 (CO)、臭氧 (O3)、氮氧化物 (NOx)、总活性氮 (NOy)、过氧乙酰硝酸盐 (PAN) 和气溶胶进行多年序列观测学士山天文台的物理特性，这是太平洋西北部的一个高海拔地点。 该地点已被证明经常接收从亚洲自由对流层输送的污染物。 该项目建立在之前有关亚洲和全球排放量增加对背景空气质量影响的研究基础上。 这些观测结果将用于解决有关亚洲污染物对美国空气质量影响的新科学问题。 最重要的问题是：亚洲排放量和全球生物质燃烧排放量的变化如何影响美国的空气质量？ 一个主要假设是，PAN 是亚洲氮氧化物排放（所有来源）变化的关键指标，并且 PAN 的年际变化将与对流层臭氧的年际变化相关，正如现场和卫星仪器所观测到的那样。更广泛的影响源于亚洲排放物影响美国空气质量的事实。 该项目将为空气质量监管机构提供有关非本地来源影响的科学信息。 此外，该项目将使学士山天文台能够继续发展为国家资源，向其他研究人员开放。 一些研究生还将在实验过程中获得研究经验和培训。