Collaborative Research: OLAC: Accessing the World's Language Resources

合作研究：OLAC：访问世界语言资源

• 批准号: 0723357
• 负责人: Mark Liberman
• 金额: $ 14.7万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-15 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0723357&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; OLAC; Accessing; World

Language resources are the bread and butter of language documentation and linguistic investigation. They include the primary objects of study such as texts and recordings, the outputs of research such as dictionaries and grammars, and the enabling technologies such as software tools and interchange standards. Increasingly, these resources are maintained and distributed in digital form. Although language resources have begun to proliferate on the web, they are often difficult or impossible to locate and reuse. In this collaborative research project, Drs. Mark Liberman and Steven Bird of the University of Pennsylvania and Dr. Gary Simons of the Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics will address this problem through new research to enhance the digital infrastructure of the Open Language Archives Community (OLAC). OLAC provides a standard set of language resource descriptors and a portal that permits users to query dozens of language archives simultaneously using a single search. However, the current coverage of OLAC is only the tip of the iceberg. The aim of the project is to greatly improve access to language resources for linguists and the broader communities of interest, by achieving an order-of-magnitude increase in the coverage of the OLAC catalog and in the use of OLAC search services. The project will do so through two main areas of activity: developing guidelines and services that encourage language archives to follow best common practices that will facilitate language resource discovery through OLAC, and developing services to bridge from the resource catalogs of the library and web domains to the OLAC catalog.The project should have a broad impact across the field of linguistics by developing an online service that gives linguists access to resources for the thousands of languages in the world. But the impact will extend well beyond the linguistics community. Access to these language resources will assist technologists who are endeavoring to make information technologies work with every language, not just a select few. It will also permit educators, students and members of society at large to access a wealth of materials that demonstrate the full range of linguistic diversity in the world. Yet another audience for access to language resources are the actual speakers of all the languages of the world. In the case of endangered languages, access to language resources is a critical asset in the process of language revitalization. The project will also serve to advocate the widespread use of ISO 639-3, a newly adopted standard that provides codes for precisely identifying the 7,500 known human languages, past and present. This will encourage reform in current cataloging practice which is based on an earlier ISO standard that recognizes fewer than 400 languages, and begin the process of helping the major storehouses of knowledge around the world to deal appropriately with linguistic diversity.

语言资源是语言文档和语言调查的面包和黄油。它们包括研究的主要对象，例如文本和录音，词典和语法等研究的输出以及启用技术，例如软件工具和互换标准。这些资源越来越多地以数字形式维护和分发。尽管语言资源已经开始在网络上扩散，但它们通常很难或不可能找到和重复使用。在这个合作研究项目中，博士。宾夕法尼亚大学的马克·利伯曼（Mark Liberman）和史蒂文·伯德（Steven Bird）和应用语言研究所的加里·西蒙斯（Gary Simons）博士将通过新的研究来解决这一问题，以增强开放语言档案社区（OLAC）的数字基础设施。 OLAC提供了一组标准的语言资源描述符和一个门户，该门户允许用户使用单个搜索同时查询数十个语言档案。 但是，当前OLAC的覆盖范围只是冰山一角。该项目的目的是通过实现OLAC目录的覆盖范围和使用OLAC搜索服务的范围，从而极大地改善语言学家和更广泛的感兴趣社区的语言资源。该项目将通过活动的两个主要领域来做到这一点：制定指南和服务，鼓励语言档案遵循最佳常用实践，这些实践将通过OLAC来促进语言资源发现，并开发从图书馆和Web域的资源目录到OLAC目录的服务。该项目应通过为在线服务提供广泛的语言服务，从而使语言访问能够访问数千的语言。但是影响将远远超出语言学界。访问这些语言资源将有助于努力使信息技术与每种语言一起使用，而不仅仅是少数语言。它还将允许教育者，学生和整个社会成员获得大量材料，这些材料展示了世界各种语言多样性。访问语言资源的另一个受众是世界所有语言的实际讲者。就濒危语言而言，访问语言资源是语言振兴过程中的重要资产。该项目还将主张ISO 639-3的广泛使用，这是一种新采用的标准，提供了精确识别过去和现在的7,500种已知人类语言的代码。这将鼓励在当前的编目实践中进行改革，该实践基于较早的ISO标准，该标准识别少于400种语言，并开始帮助世界各地主要知识的主要知识仓库适当地处理语言多样性。