MRI: Acquisition of Equipment to Simulate Collapse of Engineered Systems under Extreme Loads

MRI：采购模拟工程系统在极端负载下崩溃的设备

• 批准号: 0723064
• 负责人: Dawn Lehman
• 金额: $ 55.79万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-15 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0723064&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; Equipment; Simulate; Collapse

Traditional structural and geotechnical systems have been engineered for gravity and wind loads. More recent technical advances have permitted more sophisticated engineering models to be developed to aid in engineering these systems to resist earthquake loading. Recent history has demonstrated that extreme loading events, such earthquakes, blast, and hurricanes, pose severe threats to the nation's infrastructure and economy. Engineering for extreme hazards presents several challenges to engineers, most importantly preventing loss of life caused by structural collapse. However, engineering models for design and analysis of structural and geotechnical systems are lacking, primarily a result of limitations of the experimental testing equipment upon which engineering models are based or validated. Acquisition of equipment to meet this testing need is critical, because the risk of progressive collapse is more prominent today than it has been historically. The UW Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the proposed research team have the facilities, expertise, and reputation to manage, calibrate and validate the proposed equipment, conduct the related research, attract new users and funding agencies. The equipment includes enhancement of the large testing machine (2.4 million pound capacity) to enable the application of large vertical loads to simulate demands resulting from collapse of part of a structure. In addition, instrumentation including laser-based and photogrammetic systems that use targets placed on the test specimens will permit the researchers to fully monitor the response of the specimens through collapse. The integration of this equipment and the existing equipment within the UW structural research laboratory will enable the desired simulation capabilities. For example, the 130 Liberty Plaza building in New York City was struck with a large piece of the framing of the collapsing World Trade Center Tower 2 on September 11, 2001, which caused the loss of 26 stories. Using this facility, the large testing machine would apply a varying gravity (vertical) load to a critical portion of the structure. Because the proposed test facility is more than 6.7 m (22 ft) tall, it could accommodate a full-scale specimen which is critical to simulating brittle response of structures. The test results would be valuable in that they could quantify demands on connections and undamaged members and establish the general collapse resistance of the system, including the effects of slabs and nonstructural elements. This unique testing capability would allow investigations into structural behavior that are not possible today, and funding for such work will be available from a wide range of sources. Similar tests could be performed on a wide range of structural systems such as braced frames, core walls, and moment frames, since these behaviors are not well understood. The proposed equipment will enhance the research and learning environments, improve and expand the research capabilities of the structural and geotechnical engineering groups within the UW Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and intensify the links to local and national funding agencies, research partners, and practicing engineers. The equipment will enhance classroom and laboratory learning at the undergraduate and graduate levels. In addition, the award-winning role of the structural research laboratory in community outreach will continue and broaden with this acquisition

传统的结构和岩土技术系统已针对重力和风负荷进行了设计。最新的技术进步使得开发了更复杂的工程模型，以帮助工程这些系统抵抗地震负荷。最近的历史表明，极端的装载事件，例如地震，爆炸和飓风，对国家的基础设施和经济构成了严重威胁。极端危害的工程给工程师带来了一些挑战，最重要的是防止结构崩溃引起的生命丧失。 但是，缺乏用于设计和分析结构和岩土系统系统的工程模型，这主要是由于实验测试设备的局限性而导致的，工程模型是基于或验证的。获取设备以满足这种测试需求至关重要，因为今天进行性崩溃的风险比历史上更为突出。西澳大学民用与环境工程系和拟议的研究团队拥有管理，校准和验证拟议设备，进行相关研究，吸引新用户和资助机构的设施，专业知识和声誉。该设备包括增强大型测试机（240万磅的容量），以实现大型垂直载荷以模拟由于部分结构崩溃而导致的需求。此外，在测试样品上使用靶标的基于激光和摄影系统的仪器将允许研究人员通过崩溃充分监测样品的响应。该设备和UW结构研究实验室中现有设备的集成将实现所需的模拟功能。例如，纽约市的130个自由广场大楼于2001年9月11日被倒塌的世界贸易中心塔楼2的大部分框架袭击，这导致了26个故事的损失。使用此设施，大型测试机将在结构的关键部分施加不同的重力（垂直）负载。由于所提出的测试设施高6.7 m（22 ft），因此可以容纳一个全尺度标本，这对于模拟结构的脆性响应至关重要。测试结果将是有价值的，因为他们可以量化对连接和未损坏的成员的需求，并确定系统的一般崩溃抗性，包括板和非结构性元素的影响。这种独特的测试能力将允许对当今无法进行的结构行为进行调查，并且这些工作的资金将从各种来源获得。可以对各种结构系统（例如支撑框架，核心壁和力矩框架）进行类似的测试，因为这些行为尚不清楚。拟议的设备将改善研究和学习环境，改善和扩展UW土木和环境工程部内结构和岩土工程团体的研究能力，并加强与本地和国家资助机构，研究合作伙伴和实践工程师的联系。该设备将在本科和研究生水平上增强课堂和实验室学习。此外，结构研究实验室在社区宣传中屡获殊荣的作用将继续并扩大此收购