NIRT: Interfacial Forces in Active Nanodevices

NIRT：活性纳米器件中的界面力

• 批准号: 0709187
• 负责人: Mark Robbins
• 金额: $ 110万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0709187&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Interfacial; Forces; Active; Nanodevices

This proposal was received in response to the Active Nanostructures and Nanosystems initiative, NSF 06-595, category NIRT. As device dimensions shrink towards molecular scales, interfacial forces become increasingly important and traditional theories that smear out atomic structure become inadequate. The research team will combine new experimental and theoretical methods to determine the limits of traditional theories, identify new interfacial phenomena, develop general models for interfacial forces at the nanometer scale, and explore new strategies for active nanodevices. Measurements and simulations of capillary forces on chemically modulated nanowires and on menisci confined in nanometer gaps will probe changes with length scale in surface tension, static and dynamic contact angles, contact angle hysteresis, and capillary actuation by light and electric fields. Studies of interfacial forces will provide information about field-induced changes in the charge distribution and forces at interfaces that are important in electrowetting. The proposed research will improve our fundamental understanding of fluid flow, capillary phenomena and actuation at the nanometer scale. The results will be directly relevant to the design and optimization of active nanodevices, and aid understanding of unwanted adhesion in micro-electro-mechanical systems and of transport of ground water and oil in small pores. Students will receive a broad interdisciplinary training that will enable them to become leaders in the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology. Multiscale modeling software developed as part of the research will be made publicly available through a collaboration with Sandia National Laboratories. Outreach will be coordinated with local programs, including the Center for Educational Outreach and the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center on nanostructured materials, the annual Physics Fair, the Center for Talented Youth, and the Youth for Astronomy and Engineering Program.

该提案是针对主动纳米结构和纳米系统倡议，NSF 06-595，类别NIRT收到的。 随着设备尺寸朝分子尺度缩小，界面力变得越来越重要和传统理论，这些理论涂抹了原子结构不足。 研究团队将结合新的实验和理论方法，以确定传统理论的局限性，确定新的界面现象，在纳米尺度上开发界面力的通用模型，并探索主动纳米版本的新策略。 在化学调制的纳米线上以及在纳米间隙中限制的毛细管上的毛细作用的测量和模拟将随着表面张力，静态和动态接触角，接触角滞后性以及光和电场的毛细管致动而探测随着表面张力，静态和动态接触角的长度变化。 对界面力的研究将提供有关电荷分布的野外诱导的信息，而在电解器中很重要的界面上的力量变化。拟议的研究将提高我们对流体流动，毛细血管现象和纳米级驱动的基本理解。 结果将与主动纳米版的设计和优化直接相关，并有助于理解微机械系统中不必要的粘附以及小毛孔中地下水和油的运输。 学生将接受广泛的跨学科培训，使他们能够成为纳米技术领域快速发展的领导者。 作为研究的一部分开发的多尺度建模软件将通过与桑迪亚国家实验室的合作公开提供。 外展将与当地计划协调，包括教育外展中心和材料研究科学与工程中心的纳米结构材料，年度物理博览会，才华横溢的青年中心以及天文学和工程学青年。