Gas in the Planet-Forming Region of Circumstellar Disks: High Dispersion Infrared Spectroscopy and Spectro-Astrometry

恒星盘行星形成区域中的气体：高色散红外光谱和光谱天体测量

• 批准号: 0708922
• 负责人: Geoffrey Blake
• 金额: $ 39.99万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0708922&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Gas; Planet; Forming; Region; Circumstellar

Dr. Geoffrey Blake (Calfornia Institute of Technology) will lead a collaborative research program with researchers at Leiden University that will utilize the Keck Near Infrared Spectrometer (Keck-NIRSPEC) and the Very Large Telescope Cryogenic High-Resolution Infrared Echelle Spectrograph (VLT-CRIRES) to study the properties and evolution of the gas in protoplanetary disks. Circumstellar disks around young stars provide the pivotal link between star formation and (exo)-planetary science. The physical and chemical structures of these disks, along with their transport properties and evolutionary timescales, play a central role in determining what sort of planetary system, if any, can be formed. Probes of the gas in the inner few tens of Astronomical Units (AU) (the planet-building zone) are particularly needed to distinguish between competing planetary formation models. While the direct imaging of the gas in such regions lies several years into the future, infrared spectroscopy and spectro-astrometry provide an alternative route. Dr. Blake, and others, have recently shown that the fundamental rovibrational emission from carbon monoxide near 4.7 µm provides a widely observable diagnostic of the gas in the 0.5-50 AU region of circumstellar disks.The radiative transfer tools to be developed as part of this proposal will benefit the entire astronomical community. The results of this research project will guide observations with the next generation of microwave/THz and infrared telescopes, and should enable detailed and quantitative models to be constructed of the planet-forming regions of circumstellar disks. This program will also push ground-based infrared spectroscopy and spectro-astrometry to their limits, and will require the optimization of data acquisition, calibration, and reduction routines to achieve a dynamic range close to that imposed by photon statistics. Such routines will be of use to a wide range of observational programs, including infrared radial velocity efforts and the characterization of extrasolar planetary atmospheres from transit measurements. At least four graduate students and several undergraduates will be trained in an exceptionally interdisciplinary manner as part of this research program. Dr. Blake's group is also highly involved in the Caltech Science for Early Educational Development and The Caltech Precollege Science Initiative K-12 educational programs, and is developing new teaching modules for a variety of grade levels.

Geoffrey Blake博士（Calfornia技术研究所）将与莱顿大学的研究人员领导一项合作研究计划，该计划将利用凯克附近的红外光谱仪（Keck-nirspec）和非常大的远程望远镜高分辨率的高分辨率红外红外echelle echelle echelle Echelle谱仪（VLT-Crires）来研究物业的构图，并在该物业中进行了研究。周围的年轻恒星周围的磁盘提供了恒星形成与（EXO） - 星际科学之间的关键联系。这些磁盘的物理和化学结构以及它们的运输特性和进化时间标准在确定哪种行星系统（如果有的话）方面起着核心作用。在几十个天文单位（AU）（行星建造区）内部的气体探针特别需要区分竞争的行星形成模型。尽管这种区域的直接成像在未来几年，但红外光谱和光谱 - 宣传学提供了另一种途径。 Blake博士和其他人最近表明，一氧化碳接近4.7 µm的基本旋转式发射可在0.5-50 au的情况下可观察到的气体可观察到广泛的诊断。该研究项目的结果将通过下一代微波/THZ和红外线望远镜指导观察，并应实现详细的和定量的模型，以由情节磁盘的星球形成区域构建。该程序还将将基于地面的红外光谱和光谱式尺度仪推向其限制，并需要优化数据采集，校准和还原例程，以实现接近光子统计量的动态范围。此类例程将用于广泛的观察计划，包括红外径向速度工作以及从过境测量值中表征出极地球的行星大气的表征。作为本研究计划的一部分，至少有四名研究生和几名本科生将以异常的跨学科方式接受培训。布雷克博士的小组还高度参与了加州理工学院的早期教育发展和加州理工学院先进科学计划K-12教育计划，并正在开发各种年级的新教学模块。