Doctoral Dissertation Research: Urban-Social Sustainability and Access to Employment: A Mixed-Methods Multi-Scale Approach

博士论文研究：城市社会可持续性和就业机会：混合方法多尺度方法

• 批准号: 0703370
• 负责人: Mei-Po Kwan
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0703370&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Urban; Social

Job accessibility and spatial mismatch are two major research literatures that have sought to understand employment barriers among disadvantaged populations in metropolitan areas. While much is known about job access differentiation between central-cities and suburbs, relatively little is understood about barriers at micro-geographic and individual scale levels. As U.S. metropolitan areas continue to undergo rapid socio-economic structure changes, new fine-scaled research is needed as the traditional methods and urban conceptualizations are no longer sufficient to untangle the current residence-transportation-workplace nexus that disadvantaged populations must negotiate on a daily basis. This research investigates complex understandings of job accessibility based upon the contexts of place and individual contingencies. Further, building upon conceptualizations of urban-social sustainability, the substantive connections between access to employment barriers and individual livelihood construction will be explored. To examine these issues, this project will employ a mixed-method approach. Phase 1 will use spatial statistical methods with U.S. Census transportation secondary data to observe geographic patterns of job access. In phase 2, primary data collected through semi-structured interviews will elicit insight to socio-spatial processes of job access by capturing local knowledge and alternative spatial representations. Together the data will be integrated through Geographic Information Science (GIS) and analyzed using grounded theory, statistical models, and geovisualization technologies at individual, microgeographic, and metropolitan scales. Using the Columbus (Ohio, USA) metropolitan area as the research site, the investigators expect to demonstrate the varying nature of geographical and individual barriers to employment among the working poor population.The fine-scale data utilized in this research project will help develop more complex understandings of geographical access and reveal detailed socio-spatial patterns and processes of metropolitan-area job accessibility, which are particularly important for understanding how changes in urban structure affect job accessibility, especially among the working poor. This research project also will address issues of power, knowledge, and representation in the research process; contribute to methodological and epistemological debates on the merits of alternative and mixed-methods approaches; and contribute to discourse on livelihood construction and urban-social sustainability. More broadly, this research will provide substantive knowledge for localized policy recommendations on overcoming accessibility based inequalities, and will give voice to individuals from marginalized and under-represented socio-economic groups through their role as research informants.

工作可及性和空间不匹配是两种主要的研究文献，他们试图了解大都市地区处境不利的人口的就业障碍。 尽管对中央城市和郊区之间的工作访问差异知之甚少，但在微观地理和个人规模水平上，相对较少的理解是相对较少的。随着美国都会区继续经历快速的社会经济结构的变化，需要新的精细研究，因为传统方法和城市概念化不足以解开当前居住 - 转移工作的联系，因为这一问题必须每天进行劣势人口协议。 这项研究根据位置和个人意外情况调查了对工作可及性的复杂理解。 此外，将基于城市社会可持续性的概念化，将探讨获得就业障碍与个人生计建设之间的实质性联系。 为了检查这些问题，该项目将采用混合方法。第1阶段将使用美国人口普查运输二级数据的空间统计方法来观察工作访问的地理模式。 在第2阶段，通过半结构化访谈收集的主要数据将通过捕获当地知识和替代空间表示，从而深入了解工作访问的社会空间过程。 数据将通过地理信息科学（GIS）整合在一起，并使用基本理论，统计模型以及个人，微地理和大都市量表进行分析。 调查人员希望将哥伦布（美国俄亥俄州）作为研究站点作为研究站点，将证明地理和个人就业贫困人口中就业的各种性质。该研究项目中使用的精细规模数据将有助于建立对地理访问的更加复杂的了解，并揭示详细的社会风格和进一步的尤其是在社会上的尤其重要，这是如何在较大的社会上进行的，该结构在尤其是在尤其是在尤其是在较大的范围内，该效果是在何种情况下的工作，该效果是在社会上的工作，而在较高的范围内，既定的劳动都在何处。可访问性，尤其是在工作穷人中。 该研究项目还将解决研究过程中的权力，知识和代表问题；促进了关于替代方法和混合方法方法的优点的方法论和认识论辩论；并为生计建设和城市社会可持续性的论述做出贡献。 从更广泛的角度来看，这项研究将为克服基于可及性的不平等的本地化政策建议提供实质性知识，并通过其作为研究告密者的角色向边缘化和代表性不足的社会经济群体的个人发言。