Collaborative Research: Surveying and drilling the submerged reefs of the western Indian Ocean-applications to sea level history, monsoon history, and radiocarbon calibration

合作研究：西印度洋水下珊瑚礁的勘测和钻探——在海平面历史、季风历史和放射性碳校准中的应用

• 批准号: 0649498
• 负责人: Christopher Charles
• 金额: $ 5.95万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0649498&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Surveying; drilling; submerged

Chris Charles and Rick FairbanksSubmerged fossil coral reefs are both a diagnostic measure of past sea level change and an unparalleled archive of tropical climate change. In many regions of the tropics, the submerged reef sequences were deposited throughout the major natural climate experiment of the last deglaciation. However, thus far, successful surveying and sampling of these reefs has only been achieved in a few locations. This award will equip a cruise to the Seychelles for the purpose of surveying and drilling submerged reefs in the western Indian Ocean that were likely deposited over the last 50,000 years. The objectives of the cruise activities are three-fold: (1) To understand the structure, age, and extent of fossil reefs--in essence, the response of the reefs to the known sea level variations of the last ice age cycle (2) To acquire coral samples that captured the state of the surface during times of greatly different forcing. (3) To acquire samples that allow paired radiocarbon and U/Th dating and that therefore might be used to calibrate the radiocarbon time scale. The operations, involving CHIRP seismic profiling and dredging, will be conducted off the eastern flank of the Seychelles Bank. This region features bathymetric (and other anecdotal) evidence for submerged reef terraces. The cruise will serve as an ideal platform for student training and will include two underrepresented minority students. This project is supported by the Marine Geology & Geophysics Program of the Ocean Sciences Division.

克里斯·查尔斯（Chris Charles）和里克·费尔班克斯（Rick Fairbankss）提出的化石珊瑚礁既是过去海平面变化的诊断量，也是热带气候变化的无与伦比的档案。在热带地区的许多地区，淹没的礁石序列在最后一次脱气的主要自然气候实验中沉积了。但是，到目前为止，仅在几个地方实现了这些礁石的成功测量和采样。该奖项将为塞舌尔提供巡游，目的是在印度洋西部进行测量和钻探淹没的礁石，这些礁石可能在过去50，000年中存放。巡航活动的目标是三个方面：（1）了解化石珊瑚礁的结构，年龄和程度 - 实际上，礁石对最后一个冰期循环（2）的已知海平面变化的响应（2）以获取在截然不同的强迫时期捕获表面状态的珊瑚样品。 （3）获取允许配对的放射性碳和U/Th的样品，因此可以用来校准放射性碳时间尺度。涉及Chirp地震概况和挖泥的行动将在塞舌尔银行的东部侧面进行。该区域具有淹没礁露台的测深（和其他轶事）证据。该巡航将成为学生培训的理想平台，并将包括两名代表性不足的少数族裔学生。该项目得到了海洋科学部海洋地质与地球物理学计划的支持。