CAREER: Estimating Temperature and Water Content of the North American Mantle from Geophysical Observations

职业：通过地球物理观测估算北美地幔的温度和含水量

• 批准号: 0645752
• 负责人: Suzan van der Lee
• 金额: $ 51.42万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0645752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Estimating; Temperature; Water; Content

This project examines the roles of mantle temperature and hydrogen content in geodynamics and plate tectonics. Research products will be used for stimulation and education of kindergarten through graduate students. Tools developed for this purpose will be used in turn to have researchers explore the research products and to create student research projects.Convection patterns in the Earth's mantle, and how they couple with tectonic plate motion and deformation, are directed by spatial variations in viscosity. Mantle temperature and hydrogen content are principal parameters affecting viscosity. High temperatures will lower viscosity. Minerals with small percentages of hydrogen, obtained from water, are also significantly less viscous than pure mantle minerals. These two parameters can be estimated from a combination of geophysical, in particular seismological observations. Seismograms provide evidence for or against reduced seismic S-wave velocity and associated rigidity, anomalous Poisson ratios, and offset and altered mantle discontinuities beneath North America. These observables are affected differently by the two parameters and will be used simultaneously to estimate mantle temperature and hydrogen content. This effort will be aided by observed gravity, inferred attenuation, xenolith analyses, and measured heat flow. The proposed research is synergistic with Earthscope - a long-term national Earth Sciences facility in the United States.Teaching components are centered around a kiosk that will have three interactive components, useful at a wide range of educational levels and environments. The interaction will be centered around the products of the research summarized above. The proposed teaching capitalizes on the strong visual facets of the research products and integrates with the proposed research because 1) the research products are used to expose K-12 children hands-on and eyes-open to Earth Science, 2) the research assistants that will facilitate the kiosk to K-12 and undergraduate students are thus trained in teaching and public communication, 4) the interactions with the multi-level audience at the kiosks could help steer research, and 5) the interactive tool developed for the education & outreach kiosk will be used to explore and interpret the research products. Research products are three-dimensional seismic models and derivative models for temperature and hydrogen content in the mantle under North America.

该项目研究了地幔温度和氢含量在地球动力学和板块构造中的作用。研究产品将用于通过研究生刺激和教育幼儿园。为此，将使用为此目的开发的工具，以使研究人员探索研究产品并创建学生研究项目。地球地幔的传染模式，以及它们如何与构造板运动和变形相结合，是由粘度空间变化指导的。地幔温度和氢含量是影响粘度的主要参数。高温将降低粘度。从水中获得的氢的矿物质也比纯地幔矿物质明显少得多。这两个参数可以从地球物理，特别是地震学观察的组合中估算出来。地震图为降低或反对降低的地震速度速度和相关的刚度，异常泊松比以及偏移和改变北美下的地幔不连续性的证据。这些可观察物受到这两个参数的影响不同，并将同时用于估计地幔温度和氢含量。观察到的重力，推断衰减，异种石分析和测量的热流将有助于这项工作。拟议的研究与Earthscope是协同作用 - 美国的长期国家地球科学设施。教学组成部分集中在一个售货亭围绕一个售货亭，该售货亭将具有三个交互式组件，在广泛的教育水平和环境中很有用。相互作用将围绕上述研究的产物。拟议的教学资本利用了研究产品的强大视觉方面并与拟议的研究集成在一起，因为1）研究产品可用于暴露K-12儿童动手动手和眼睛对地球科学的眼睛，2）研究助理，2）将为KIOSK促进KIOSK促进K-10的研究助理，并在教学和公共互动中培训了互动的研究，4）互动，4）互动，4）互动，4）教育和外展亭将用于探索和解释研究产品。研究产品是北美下地幔中温度和氢含量的三维地震模型和衍生化模型。