Measurement & Characterization of Hurricane Wind Loads on Structures Using a Wireless Sensing Networking System

测量

• 批准号: 0625124
• 负责人: Jean-Paul Pinelli
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Florida Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0625124&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Measurement; & Characterization; Hurricane; Wind

Abstract: CMS-0625124The 2004 hurricane season resulted in insured losses in excess of $20 billion. The 2005 hurricane season was even more catastrophic with Katrina identified as one of the costliest and most fatal natural disasters ever suffered by the U.S. Surveys of the structural damages caused by these hurricanes exposed the inadequacies in the existing building codes and practices. The existing codes (e.g. ASCE 7-05) are developed based on wind tunnel testing of model scale structures in open exposure, including some correction factors for full-scale effects. However, more accurate statistical models that would include the effects of varying exposure require extensive and reliable measurement of wind fields and pressures on different full-scale buildings. The current field measurement technologies for hurricane environments are subject to data loss and reliability issues, rapid deployment problems, and lack the means for "real-time" rectification of any system breakdowns during data collection. This proposal is to design and build a network of wireless sensor systems to reliably measure the hurricane wind loads on residential structures. An extensive test bed (structures ready to receive the instrumentation) already exists, providing the PIs access to over 30 structures along the Florida coast on which to employ the sensor network. The resulting full-scale datasets will be used to establish relationships between actual full-scale loads and the wind tunnel datasets used to create load provisions. One of the innovative parts of the proposal is to create an integrated reliable system for multi-point sensing in harsh environment by combining cutting edge local and global wireless networking and modern low power electromechanical sensors technologies. The system will comprise a cluster of mobile nodes (sensors) distributed over the roof top and walls of a residential or commercial building, or essential infrastructure, and a centrally located, environmentally protected master node (base unit) to monitor the operation of the mobile nodes and act as a data repository. The master node will communicate in real time with a central command located away from the landfall area, for remote management, monitoring, and data transmission. The second innovative part of the proposal is to create an object oriented and adaptive data acquisition algorithm. Finally, availability of the high quality measurements from the wireless sensor networks will provide the PIs with means of evaluating existing wind structure interaction models and wind tunnel studies and to create models that are more sophisticated and more accurate than the ones that exist today in the building code.

摘要：CMS-06251242004 年飓风季节造成的保险损失超过 200 亿美元。 2005 年的飓风季节更具灾难性，卡特里娜飓风被认为是美国有史以来损失最惨重、致命性最强的自然灾害之一。对这些飓风造成的结构性损坏的调查暴露了现有建筑规范和实践的不足。现有规范（例如 ASCE 7-05）是基于开放暴露中模型比例结构的风洞测试而开发的，包括一些全尺寸效应的校正因子。然而，更准确的统计模型（包括不同暴露的影响）需要对不同全尺寸建筑物的风场和压力进行广泛且可靠的测量。当前的飓风环境现场测量技术存在数据丢失和可靠性问题、快速部署问题，并且缺乏对数据收集过程中任何系统故障进行“实时”纠正的手段。该提案旨在设计和构建无线传感器系统网络，以可靠地测量住宅结构上的飓风风荷载。广泛的测试台（准备好接收仪器的结构）已经存在，PI 可以访问佛罗里达海岸沿线的 30 多个结构，并在其上使用传感器网络。生成的全尺寸数据集将用于建立实际全尺寸载荷与用于创建载荷规定的风洞数据集之间的关系。该提案的创新部分之一是通过结合尖端的本地和全球无线网络以及现代低功耗机电传感器技术，创建一个在恶劣环境下进行多点传感的集成可靠系统。该系统将包括分布在住宅或商业建筑或重要基础设施的屋顶和墙壁上的一组移动节点（传感器），以及一个位于中心的环保主节点（基本单元），用于监控移动节点的运行节点并充当数据存储库。主节点将与远离登陆区域的中央指挥部进行实时通信，以进行远程管理、监控和数据传输。该提案的第二个创新部分是创建面向对象的自适应数据采集算法。最后，无线传感器网络提供的高质量测量将为 PI 提供评估现有风结构相互作用模型和风洞研究的方法，并创建比目前建筑物中存在的模型更复杂、更准确的模型代码。