The Dynamics of Probabilistic Grammar

概率语法的动力学

• 批准号: 0624345
• 负责人: Joan Bresnan
• 金额: $ 74.98万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-15 至 2010-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0624345&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Probabilistic; Grammar

The use of language is central to human social dynamics. Current techniques for modeling human language are widely based on simplifying assumptions that underestimate human language capacities by ignoring statistical patterns. The present project starts from a strongly contrasting approach which can lead to a breakthrough in the understanding of linguistic dynamics by linking changes in language across the different time scales of speech, the human life cycle, and the history of communities. This approach models grammar as a highly plastic cognitive system sensitively tuned to the probabilities of the environment. The project combines detailed statistical analyses of patterns found in recorded speech with laboratory experiments on language production in adults and language learning in children. The phenomena considered include high-level grammatical choices (such as whether to say "give someone a job" or "give a job to someone"), low-level pronunciation choices (such as where "to" is reduced to "tuh"), and overregularizations (such as when children say "goed" instead of "went"). Studies will involve work with data from multiple dialects of English, as well as German and Chinese. The project involves cross-disciplinary collaboration among researchers trained in Linguistics, Psychology, and Computer Science. This research will lay the groundwork for improved language technologies, and may find other applications, for example in the treatment of language disorders.

语言的使用是人类社会动态的核心。 当前用于建模人类语言的技术广泛基于简化通过忽略统计模式来低估人类语言能力的假设。 本项目始于强烈对比的方法，这可以通过将语言的变化联系在语言的不同时间范围，人类生命周期和社区历史上，从而导致对语言动态的突破。 这种方法将语法建模为一种高度塑料认知系统，敏感地调整了环境的概率。 该项目结合了记录语音中发现的模式的详细统计分析，以及有关成人语言生产的实验室实验和儿童语言学习。 所考虑的现象包括高级语法选择（例如是说“给某人一份工作”还是“给某人的工作”），低级发音选择（例如，“将“降低到“ tuh”降低到“ tuh”）和过度登记（例如，孩子们在孩子中说“ goed”而不是“ go g g g g g g got'））。 研究将涉及与来自多个英语方言以及德语和中文的数据的数据。 该项目涉及接受语言学，心理学和计算机科学培训的研究人员之间的跨学科合作。 这项研究将为改进的语言技术奠定基础，并可能在治疗语言障碍方面找到其他应用。