Dissertation Research Awards: The Science of Defining Populations: Disease, Diagnostics, and the Administration of the Social Body in the United States

论文研究奖：定义人口的科学：美国的疾病、诊断和社会团体的管理

• 批准号: 0620699
• 负责人: Veena Das
• 金额: $ 0.23万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0620699&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Awards; Science; Defining

The principal objective of this Science and Society Dissertation Improvement Grant is to support research examining how the scientific management of disease produced ideas about populations, more specifically the poor, during the twentieth century. The focus is upon diagnostic and therapeutic changes in the management of venereal disease (sexually transmitted diseases, as the category would later become). In the case of venerealdisease, scientific knowledge and existing social and moral attitudes towards contagion and poverty came together through novel uses of quantification, defining scientifically discrete populations. The research strategy is to trace the production of knowledge (both social and scientific) about such populations between laboratory science, clinical medicine, and public administration within the context of Baltimore, Maryland. By following these transformations in one locale, the research will provide a nuanced picture of how forms of treatment and surveillance in turn become incorporated into public life. The project considers how such notions entered medical and scientific discourse around venereal and other types of infectious diseases, most notably those characterized by poverty, race, and sexuality, after the rise of more effective diagnostics and therapeutics. The major product of this research will be a dissertation manuscript combining historical and ethnographic approaches, contributing to an understanding of the role of medical science in the shaping social difference and instrumentalizing moral dimensions of disease and illness. The research will draw from science studies, medical and social anthropology, and the history of science and medicine. The objective of the proposed research is to offer a historically informed look at how knowledge about populations, particularly the poor and disadvantaged, is produced at the intersection of science, medicine, and public life. Despite the close connection to the fields of medicine and public health, this project is uniquely suited for support from the Science and Society Program because of its critical attention to the way scientific objects and methods arebounded by social and societal norms. This research will contribute substantially to knowledge at the intersection of science and society by documenting how ideas about populations are produced in relation to scientific progress. The broader impacts of this project will include: demonstrating new forms of appraisal of medical and public health practices; opening a dialogue between clinicians, administrators, and researchers concerning established notions about populations characterized by disadvantage and risk; and incorporating historically informed analyses into research practice and policy decisions.

这项科学和社会论文改进的主要目标是支持研究研究疾病的科学管理如何在20世纪对人口（尤其是穷人）产生观念。重点是对性病治疗的诊断和治疗性变化（性传播疾病，因为该类别后来成为）。在VenereAldisease的情况下，科学知识以及对传染和贫困的现有社会和道德态度通过量化的新颖用途，定义了科学离散的人群。该研究策略是在马里兰州巴尔的摩的背景下追踪有关实验室科学，临床医学和公共管理之间这种人群的知识（社会和科学）的生产。通过在一个地方进行这些转变，该研究将提供一些细微的了解，即如何将治疗形式和监视形式纳入公共生活中。该项目考虑了这些观念如何在更有效的诊断和治疗学兴起之后，如何进入有关性病和其他类型的传染病的医学和科学论述，最值得注意的是以贫困，种族和性欲为特征的疾病。这项研究的主要产品将是将历史和人种学方法结合在一起的论文手稿，有助于理解医学在塑造社会差异和疾病道德方面的作用。该研究将从科学研究，医学和社会人类学以及科学与医学史借鉴。拟议的研究的目的是提供历史上知情的研究，了解如何在科学，医学和公共生活的交集中产生有关人群的知识，尤其是穷人和弱势群体的知识。尽管与医学和公共卫生领域有着密切的联系，但该项目非常适合科学和社会计划的支持，因为它对社会和社会规范的科学对象和方法的批判性关注。这项研究将通过记录如何与科学进步有关的人群产生有关人群的观念，从而在科学与社会的交集中为知识做出重大贡献。该项目的更广泛影响包括：展示对医学和公共卫生实践的新形式；在临床医生，管理人员和研究人员之间就有关劣势和风险为特征的人口的既定观念进行对话；并将历史知情的分析纳入研究实践和政策决策中。