Development and Application of the Back-Projection Techinque for Detailed Earthquake Rupture Modelling

详细地震破裂模拟反投影技术的开发与应用

• 批准号: 0609092
• 负责人: Miaki Ishii
• 金额: $ 16.27万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0609092&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Application; Back; Projection; Techinque

This project evaluates the robustness and resolution of earthquake properties obtained from back-projection of seismic array data, and examines methods for improving the imaging ability. A rupture model, especially its speed and duration, is one of the main ingredients for predicting ground motion. It is also a key factor in studies of the physics of earthquake initiation, propagation, and termination. Despite such importance, rupture models are currently available for a limited number of well-studied events such as the 1992 Landers, California earthquake. A large number of high-quality data from a dense seismic array introduces an opportunity for unraveling detailed earthquake rupture processes, and the back-projection analysis can potentially lead to a catalog of energy radiation and propagation models. The method could be applied to any array, but this project focuses on data from the High Sensitivity Seismograph Network in Japan. Application of the method to this data set has provided constraints on properties such as extent and duration of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman and 2005 Nias earthquakes. While these results demonstrate the power of the technique and high-quality array data, the estimates of uncertainty and applicability of the method to other earthquakes have not been fully explored. This project addresses these issues, and investigates strategies for improving the back-projection procedure. The aim of the project is to formalize our understanding of the capability and limitations of the method as well as determining its feasibility in hazard mitigation through detection and characterization of earthquakes in near real time. Among the broader impacts are the support and education of a graduate student and an undergraduate.

该项目评估了通过地震阵列数据反投影获得的地震特性的鲁棒性和分辨率，并研究了提高成像能力的方法。破裂模型，特别是其速度和持续时间，是预测地面运动的主要成分之一。 它也是地震发生、传播和终止物理学研究的关键因素。尽管如此重要，破裂模型目前可用于有限数量的经过充分研究的事件，例如 1992 年加利福尼亚州兰德斯地震。来自密集地震阵列的大量高质量数据为揭示详细的地震破裂过程提供了机会，并且反投影分析可能会产生能量辐射和传播模型的目录。 该方法可以应用于任何阵列，但该项目重点关注来自日本高灵敏度地震仪网络的数据。 该方法对该数据集的应用为 2004 年苏门答腊-安达曼地震和 2005 年尼亚斯地震的范围和持续时间等属性提供了约束。 虽然这些结果证明了该技术和高质量阵列数据的强大功能，但该方法的不确定性估计和对其他地震的适用性尚未得到充分探索。 该项目解决了这些问题，并研究了改进反投影程序的策略。 该项目的目的是正式了解我们对该方法的能力和局限性，并通过近乎实时的地震检测和表征来确定其在减灾方面的可行性。 更广泛的影响包括对研究生和本科生的支持和教育。