SGER: Geomorphic and Human Consequences of the October 8, 2005, Northern Pakistan Earthquake

SGER：2005 年 10 月 8 日巴基斯坦北部地震的地貌和人类后果

• 批准号: 0602675
• 负责人: Lewis Owen
• 金额: $ 2.92万
• 依托单位: University of Cincinnati Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602675&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Geomorphic; Human; Consequences; October

Geomorphic and human consequences of the October 8, 2005, Northern Pakistan EarthquakePI: Lewis A. Owen, Department of Geology, University of CincinnatiAt 8:50 am local time on October 8, 2005, a magnitude 7.6 earthquake, located in northern Pakistan, shook Kashmir, resulting in the deadliest quake in South Asia's recent history. Reports estimate the number of fatalities to be between 23,000 and 41,000, with at least 50,000 people injured, and 2.5 million left homeless. Heavy rains on October 11, exasperated the effects by slowing the relief efforts, and initiating floods and landslides. Assessing the topographic and human consequences of such an event is essential for remediation and seismic hazard mitigation, particularly given the immense population and rapid development of the region. Furthermore, determining the nature of the associated geomorphic effects is vital for human and environmental protection, for developing strategies for tectonic and geomorphic risk assessment, and for determining the role of earthquakes in landscape evolution. Only two previous studies (Garhwal Himalaya in 1991 and 1999) of the geomorphic effects of large earthquakes in the Himalaya has been undertaken, and therefore this recent event provides an opportunity to determine and quantify rates of landscape dynamics and compare it with the earlier studies to aid in hazard mitigation and geomorphic studies. The research will undertake a study of thetopographic and human consequences of this earthquake. This will include: 1) identification and assessment of the topographic and human consequences of the earthquake; 2) development of geologic and medical strategies for immediate remediation in the region; 3) characterization of the nature of earthquake-induced landforms; 4) assessment of the importance of tectonic-induced earth surface processes and landforms for the short- and long-term landscape evolution of Himalayan environments; 5) production of hazard maps for the region; and 6) proposed strategies for relief and remediate in the likelihood of future earthquakes.To examine the immediate topographic and human impact of the earthquake, the region will be visited in early November, 2005. This will allow documentation of the effects and will enable the investigators to help provide strategies for the recovery of the region. The study will focus on the two hardest hit regions, Muzaffarabad and Balakot, and will use a combination of mapping, geomorphic analysis and remote sensing techniques to measure and examine the nature and distribution of the effects. The results will be developed into geographical information system, which can be used by the local people for future planning, and will provide the foundation for a larger project that the investigators wish to develop and submit to NSF to examine seismic and geomorphic hazards throughout the Himalaya of northern Pakistan and India. Furthermore, the earthquake-induce earth surface processes will be quantified to help determine the whether the topographic evolution of Himalayan landscapes are climate- or tectonic-dominated. This award is cofunded with the Office of International Science and Engineering.

2005年10月8日，巴基斯坦北部地震的地貌和人类后果：辛辛那提大学地质学系刘易斯·A·欧文（Lewis A.报告估计，死亡人数在23,000至41,000之间，至少有50,000人受伤，无家可归的人数为250万。 10月11日的大雨通过减慢救济工作，引发洪水和滑坡来激怒了影响。评估此类事件的地形和人类后果对于修复和地震危害减轻至关重要，尤其是考虑到该地区的大量人口和迅速发展。此外，确定相关的地貌影响的性质对于人类和环境保护，制定构造和地貌风险评估的策略以及确定地震在景观演化中的作用至关重要。 已经进行了有关喜马拉雅大地震的地震作用（1991年和1999年的Garhwal喜马拉雅）的两项研究（Garhwal喜马拉雅山），因此，最近进行了大型地震，因此，这一最近的事件提供了一个机会，提供了确定和量化景观动态速率的机会，并将其与较早的研究与早期的研究进行比较，以帮助缓解危害和地球研究。该研究将对这次地震的人类和人类后果进行研究。这将包括：1）地震的地形和人类后果的识别和评估； 2）制定该地区立即修复的地质和医疗策略； 3）地震引起的地形的性质的特征； 4）评估构造引起的地面过程和地形对于喜马拉雅环境的短期和长期景观演变的重要性； 5）该地区生产危险图； 6）提出的救济策略并在未来地震的可能性中进行补救。为了检查地震的直接地形和人类影响，该地区将于2005年11月上旬访问。这将允许记录这种影响，并使研究人员能够为该地区恢复策略提供策略。这项研究将重点放在两个最难的热门区域，即Muzaffarabad和Balakot，并将结合映射，地貌分析和遥感技术的组合来测量和检查效果的性质和分布。结果将发展为地理信息系统，该系统可以被当地人民用于未来的计划，并将为调查人员希望开发并提交给NSF的更大项目提供基础，以检查整个巴基斯坦北部和印度喜马拉雅山脉的地震和地震危害。此外，将量化地震 - 引诱地球表面过程，以帮助确定喜马拉雅景观的地形演变是否为气候或构造为主。该奖项由国际科学与工程办公室授予。