Probing Korachaeal ecophysiology via statistical analysis of quantitative molecular and geochemical data: A RIDGE2000 postdoctoral proposal

通过定量分子和地球化学数据的统计分析探讨 Korachaeal 生态生理学：RIDGE2000 博士后提案

• 批准号: 0550549
• 负责人: Peter Girguis
• 金额: $ 12.88万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-15 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0550549&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Probing; Korachaeal; ecophysiology; via; statistical

This project describes an integrative study of distribution and abundance of the Korarchaeota in hydrothermal vent chimneys. Diverse microbial communities representing a wide array of metabolic capacities inhabit the extreme environments of deep-sea hydrothermal vents. The high diversity in these communities is largely a result of high microhabitat variability along gradients in temperature, mineralogy, and geochemistry from the inner, hydrothermally influenced surfaces on the inner walls of the chimney to the near ambient conditions of the outer walls. Although the microbial diversity has been described in these habitats, information on the quantitative distribution and abundance of microbes within the chimney walls is largely lacking. In order to understand the function of these communities and the potential links from mantle to microbe and subsurface to surrounding deep-sea, the distribution, abundance, and metabolic capacity of microbial populations within the chimneys that span these gradients are required. One of the largest gaps in our understanding of these microbial communities lies in the largely uncharacterized archaeal group, the Korarchaeota. This proposal describes a rigorous statistical framework for relating the distribution and abundance of korarchaeote phylotypes to temperature and geochemical data from hydrothermal vent chimneys.This work will use data gathered from novel in situ incubation devices implanted in sulfide chimneys on the Endeavor segment of the Juan de Fuca ridge by collaborating laboratories. Incubation devices are titanium tubes lined with substrates (e.g. pyrite) and equipped with temperature sensors and in situ fluid sampling devices, which are placed into 5 cm diameter holes drilled in the sides of sulfides (chimneys). These devices were implanted as part of an ongoing study at the Endeavor Integrated Study Site. Clone libraries will be developed from the chimney cores obtained during drilling. These libraries will be used to develop and test primers for the korarchaeote phylotypes present. After recovery of the inserts, incubated substrates will be analyzed via quantitative PCR to enumerate korarchaeote phylotypes. These data will allow us to relate the distribution and abundance of the Korarchaeota to the geochemical and temperature profiles generated by collaborating laboratories. The intellectual merit of the proposed research lies in the provision of quantitative data on the diversity, distribution and abundance of the Korarchaeota in the vent habitat. This study will also define the realized niche of the Korarchaeota within hydrothermal vent chimneys, providing new statistical modeling tools that will be used to refine current hypotheses and focus future studies of the potential metabolic capacities of korarchaeote phylotypes in vent communities. The broader impacts of this study include the training of a newly appointed faculty member and a post-doctoral researcher in new fields of study. This collaboration between Dr. Girguis and Dr. Cordes will provide the first quantification of the Korarchaeota in the hydrothermal vent habitat and will lead to the formation of tractable hypotheses for the metabolic capacity of korarchaeote phylotypes. Dr. Cordes will work with the SEAS program within Ridge2000 to develop a Classroom to Sea laboratory to relate this research to middle and high school students.

该项目描述了对热液喷口烟囱中 Korarchaeota 的分布和丰度的综合研究。深海热液喷口的极端环境中栖息着代表广泛代谢能力的多样化微生物群落。这些群落的高度多样性很大程度上是由于从烟囱内壁受热液影响的内部表面到外壁附近环境条件的温度、矿物学和地球化学梯度，微生境的高度变异性。尽管已经描述了这些栖息地的微生物多样性，但很大程度上缺乏有关烟囱壁内微生物的数量分布和丰度的信息。为了了解这些群落的功能以及从地幔到微生物以及地下到周围深海的潜在联系，需要跨越这些梯度的烟囱内微生物种群的分布、丰度和代谢能力。我们对这些微生物群落理解的最大差距之一在于很大程度上没有特征的古菌群——Korarchaeota。该提案描述了一个严格的统计框架，用于将 korarchaeote 系统发育型的分布和丰度与热液喷口烟囱的温度和地球化学数据联系起来。这项工作将使用从植入在 Juan de 奋进段硫化物烟囱中的新型原位孵化装置收集的数据。富卡山脊由合作实验室完成。孵化装置是钛管，内衬有基材（例如黄铁矿），并配备温度传感器和原位流体采样装置，将其放置在硫化物（烟囱）侧面钻出的直径 5 厘米的孔中。这些设备是作为奋进综合研究中心正在进行的研究的一部分而植入的。克隆库将从钻探过程中获得的烟囱岩心中开发出来。这些文库将用于开发和测试现有 korarchaeote 系统型的引物。回收插入片段后，将通过定量 PCR 分析孵育的底物，以枚举 korarchaeote 系统发育型。这些数据将使我们能够将 Korarchaeota 的分布和丰度与合作实验室生成的地球化学和温度剖面联系起来。拟议研究的智力价值在于提供了有关喷口栖息地 Korarchaeota 的多样性、分布和丰度的定量数据。这项研究还将确定热液喷口烟囱内可古菌的实际生态位，提供新的统计建模工具，用于完善当前的假设，并重点关注热液喷口群落中可古菌系统发育型潜在代谢能力的未来研究。这项研究的更广泛影响包括在新研究领域培训新任命的教员和博士后研究员。 Girguis 博士和 Cordes 博士之间的合作将首次对热液喷口栖息地的 Korarchaeota 进行量化，并将导致形成关于 korarchaeote 系统发育型代谢能力的易于处理的假设。 Cordes 博士将与 Ridge2000 内的 SEAS 项目合作，开发一个 Classroom to Sea 实验室，将这项研究与中学生和高中生联系起来。