Microbial Diversity and Functionality in Cold Water Coral Reef Ecosystems (MiCROSYSTEMS) (EuroDIVERSITY 83)

冷水珊瑚礁生态系统中的微生物多样性和功能 (MiCROSYSTEMS) (EuroDIVERSITY 83)

• 批准号: 17261247
• 负责人: Professor Dr. André Freiwald
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Meeresforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/17261247?language=en
• 关键词: Microbial; Diversity; Functionality; Cold; Water

Cold-water coral reefs thriving on carbonate mounds have been discovered in the late 90¿s off western Ireland and recently off Morocco. Mound building seems to be a fundamental but still enigmatic strategy of Life, developed since Precambrian times onwards. Various arguments suggest that microorganisms are playing a major role in reef development and biodiversity. Mounds may find their origin at the confluence of fluxes from external (oceanic) and internal origin (geofluids). Long cores taken in 2004 showed that the `Pen Duick¿ mounds off Morocco, in which microbial action was demonstrated by an strong emission of hydrogen sulfide, may be considered as giant biogeochemical reactors. MiCROSYSTEMS proposes to turn the Pen Duick mounds into a natural laboratory through the following actions and experiments:- Biotope exploration and characterization of biodiversity through geophysical and video imaging, targeted microbiological profiling, evaluation of present and past oceanic conditions,- Microbial diversity census and evaluation of the functional link microbes-metazoans through metazoan species analysis, biogeochemical and molecular fingerprinting, laboratory culturing, fauna-microbe interactions analysis, evaluation of microbially mediated processes of carbonate precipitation,- Assessment of the impact of biodiversity changes through the development of a reactor technology to simulate and assess the functionality of the micro-ecological niches and the impact of environmental changes.The MiCROSYSTEMS project closely dovetails with European projects on deep-water coral ecosystem conservation and with IODP Expedition 307. The project will foster a Europe-Maghreb cooperation on the Moroccan margin and contribute to the ICoMM initiative within the Census of Marine Life Programme.

上世纪 90 年代末，人们发现了在碳酸盐丘上繁衍生息的冷水珊瑚礁。在爱尔兰西部和最近在摩洛哥附近，土墩的建造似乎是生命的一个基本但仍然神秘的策略，自前寒武纪以来就已经发展起来，各种论点表明微生物在珊瑚礁的发育和生物多样性中发挥着重要作用。 2004 年采集的长岩心显示，来自外部（海洋）和内部（地流体）的通量汇合处存在“Pen Duick”。摩洛哥附近的土丘，其中硫化氢的强烈排放证明了微生物的作用，可以被视为巨型生物地球化学反应堆，MiCROSYSTEMS 提议通过以下行动和实验将 Pen Duick 土丘变成一个天然实验室：- 生物群落探索和表征。通过地球物理和视频成像、有针对性的微生物分析、评估当前和过去的海洋条件来了解生物多样性，-微生物多样性普查和功能联系评估通过后生动物物种分析、生物地球化学和分子指纹、实验室培养、动物群-微生物相互作用分析、评估微生物介导的碳酸盐沉淀过程来评估微生物-后生动物，-通过开发反应器技术来模拟和评估生物多样性变化的影响微生态位的功能和环境变化的影响。MiCROSYSTEMS 项目与欧洲深水珊瑚生态系统保护项目和 IODP 探险项目密切配合307. 该项目将促进欧洲与马格里布在摩洛哥边缘的合作，并为海洋生物普查计划内的 ICoMM 倡议做出贡献。