Collaborative Research: Zooplankton in the Redoxcline of the Cariaco Basin: Impact on Biogeochemical Cycling

合作研究：卡里亚科盆地氧化还原碱中的浮游动物：对生物地球化学循环的影响

• 批准号: 0526545
• 负责人: Kendra Daly
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0526545&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Zooplankton; Redoxcline; Cariaco

The CARIACO (CArbon Retention In A Colored Ocean) Program is a time-series programs, with the central goal to better understand seasonal to decadal time-scales of processes governing ocean biogeochemistry. The CARIACO site is situated in the tropics on a productive continental margin off Venezuela, the basin is anoxic, and the site is strongly connected to paleoclimate investigations. Thus, CARIACO has the additional goal of relating modern oceanographic processes with the production, transformation, and preservation of particulate matter in the sediment record. Zooplankton composition, behavior, and physiological rates are important components of the biological pump. Recent findings from the Cariaco Basin and other regions with pelagic redoxclines (suboxic and anoxic interfaces) suggest that they are active regions of biogeochemical cycling, in which C may be directly transferred from bacterial production to zooplankton grazers. The goals of this project are to determine the vertical and horizontal distributions of zooplankton in relation to the redoxcline during two seasons using discrete-depth net samples and a vertical-profiling laser-line scan camera system. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration and metabolites, excretion, and egestion rates will be experimentally determined for vertical migrators and resident species nearsurface and at suboxic and anoxic depths to determine whether zooplankton differ in their release of metabolic and egested products, due to differences in their metabolism and/or composition of food resources. Grazing experiments, in combination with lipid biomarkers and stable isotopic compositions, will be used to assess in situ diet and long-term feeding history of zooplankton. Fecal pellet composition will be compared with pellets in sediment traps. Time-series zooplankton samples also will be analyzed to obtain temporal information on zooplankton community dynamics and allow a seasonal estimate of the zooplankton contribution to elemental fluxes. Intellectual Merit. One of the grand challenges of oceanography is to understand the processes that control the transformation and fate of organic carbon in marine systems. Meeting this challenge is hindered by a lack of basic information about factors that govern the response of biological activity to environmental forcing and climate change. In particular, the role of the marine biosphere in the global carbon cycle remains poorly constrained, in part due to uncertainties about biological controls on the quality and quantity of carbon export. This project will contribute to our knowledge of the role of mesozooplankton in biogeochemical cycles, especially in relation to how processes may be modified in regions with anoxic or suboxic layers and strong redox gradients, and will help to correctly understand the links between water column processes and climate history as recorded in the varved sediments of the Cariaco Basin. Broader Impacts. The zooplankton time-series will provide information on patterns of marine biodiversity and ecological interactions from a poorly known region. The CARIACO Program has an ongoing impact in technology transfer and human resource development in Venezuela. This project will help train personnel in Venezuela and will support several graduate students. The lead investigators and students will develop materials on the project for dissemination through the NSF-Center for Ocean Science Education Excellence (COSEE) located at USF.

Cariaco（彩色海洋中的碳保留）计划是一个时间序列计划，其目标是更好地了解有关海洋生物地球化学的季节性到衰老的过程的季节性。 Cariaco地点位于委内瑞拉越来越多的大陆边缘的热带地区，盆地是缺氧的，该地点与古气候研究密切相关。 因此，Cariaco的其他目标是将现代海洋学过程与沉积物记录中颗粒物的生产，转化和保存联系起来。浮游动物组成，行为和生理速率是生物泵的重要组成部分。 Cariaco盆地和其他带有上层氧化还原酶（亚氧化和缺氧界面）的区域的最新发现表明它们是生物地球化学循环的活性区域，其中C可以将C从细菌生产直接转移到浮游动物。该项目的目标是使用离散深度的网络样本和垂直促进的激光线扫描摄像机系统确定两个季节中浮游动力学的垂直和水平分布。厌氧和有氧呼吸和代谢产物，排泄和e宿率将用于垂直迁移者和居民物种近呈呈现，以及在其代谢和e宿产物中释放其代谢性和e Gidened产品上是否有所不同的垂直迁移者和居民物种，由于其代谢性和e Gidened产品的释放是否有所不同。放牧实验与脂质生物标志物和稳定的同位素组合物结合使用，将用于评估原位饮食和浮游生物的长期喂养史。将将粪便组成与沉积物陷阱中的颗粒进行比较。还将分析时间序列浮游动物样本，以获取有关浮游动力学动态的时间信息，并允许对浮游动力的季节性估算对元素通量的贡献。智力优点。海洋学的巨大挑战之一是了解控制海洋系统中有机碳转化和命运的过程。由于缺乏有关控制生物活动对环境强迫和气候变化的反应的因素的基本信息而受到阻碍的应对挑战。特别是，海洋生物圈在全球碳循环中的作用仍然受到限制，部分原因是关于生物控制碳出口质量和数量的不确定性。该项目将有助于我们了解中佐普兰顿在生物地球化学周期中的作用，尤其是关于如何在具有缺氧或亚氧化层的区域修改过程以及强大的氧化还原梯度的过程中，并将有助于正确理解水柱工艺和气候历史之间的链接，如瓦斯特冰棒的基本底座所记录的。更广泛的影响。 浮游动物时段将提供有关海洋生物多样性模式和来自众所周知的生态相互作用的模式的信息。 Cariaco计划对委内瑞拉的技术转移和人力资源开发产生了持续的影响。该项目将帮助培训委内瑞拉的人员，并支持几位研究生。首席调查人员和学生将通过位于USF的NSF中心（COSEE）开发有关该项目的材料进行传播。