Collaborative Research on carbon cycling in the circum-Arctic flaw lead-polynya system: A radionuclide and molecular ecological approach

环北极缺陷铅-冰间湖系统碳循环的合作研究：放射性核素和分子生态学方法

• 批准号: 0520213
• 负责人: J Kirk Cochran
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0520213&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; carbon; cycling; circum

This proposal will improve understanding of present carbon cycling in polynyas, major features of the flaw lead system in the Arctic, by applying a unique combination of analyses to the same samples: radionuclide approaches for measuring carbon fluxes, sources and attenuation and molecular and enzymatic approaches for evaluating microbial diversity and hydrolytic activity. Previous work in two major polynyas (not influenced by rivers) showed that the flux of organic matter from the photic zone is high, yet strongly attenuated in the "twilight zone." Separate microbial work showed that sinking particles are colonized by an abundance of active bacteria, with hydrolytic activities as high in subzero waters as in warmer seas. Little information exists on specific bacteria associated with particles in the twilight zone of Arctic (or other marine) waters, with virtually none on how microbial diversity may relate to carbon flux in the ocean's interior or to differing inputs of marine and terrestrial carbon. This comparative research in several of the major polynyas of the Arctic system (two river-influenced, one not), in the same season over successive years, will help to develop a broader perspective on the possible changes in carbon cycling likely to result from a seasonally ice-free Arctic Ocean. The proposed research plan will characterize by modern molecular (or any) techniques the microbial communities that play a role in attenuating carbon flux. The success of this combined approach may prove valuable to evaluating aspects of carbon cycling elsewhere in the world oceans. Both principal investigators are dedicated educators, as well as researchers. In addition to providing graduate and undergraduate students with unique cross-disciplinary training, they will also be engaged in innovative shipboard programs, as part of a multi-national cooperative venture (NABOS), and the Canadian ArcticNet "Schools on Board" program dedicated to engaging indigenous communities in research by bringing in high school students to participate directly in research.

该提案将通过将分析的独特组合应用于相同样品中：用于测量碳通量，源头和分子和酶促方法来评估微生物多样性和液体化学的方法，通过将分析的独特组合应用于相同样品中，可以提高对北极缺陷铅系统的主要特征的理解。以前在两个主要的多尼亚斯（不受河流影响）中的工作表明，来自光学区域的有机物的通量很高，但在“暮光区”中却大大减弱。单独的微生物工作表明，下沉的颗粒被丰富的活性细菌定植，在零海水中的水解活性与温暖的海洋一样高。关于与北极（或其他海洋）水域中与颗粒相关的特定细菌相关的特定细菌的信息很少，几乎没有关于微生物多样性如何与海洋内部碳通量相关的或与海洋和海洋碳和地层碳的不同输入有关的。在连续几年的同一季节，这项对北极系统的几个主要波利亚斯的比较研究将有助于对碳循环可能由季节性无冰北极海洋造成的更广泛的观点。拟议的研究计划将以现代分子（或任何）技术来表征，在减弱碳通量中发挥作用的微生物群落。这种联合方法的成功可能证明对于评估世界海洋其他地方碳循环的各个方面很有价值。两位主要研究人员都是敬业的教育者和研究人员。除了为研究生和本科生提供独特的跨学科培训外，他们还将从事创新的船板计划，作为跨国合作社（NABOS）（NABOS）的一部分，以及致力于加拿大的“董事会“学校”计划，致力于吸引土著社区，以吸引高中生的研究，以吸引高中生的研究。