DISSERTATION RESEARCH -- The Effects of Urbanization on Nitrate Removal Capacity of Urban Wetlands

论文研究——城市化对城市湿地硝酸盐去除能力的影响

• 批准号: 0507973
• 负责人: Joan Ehrenfeld
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0507973&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Effects; Urbanization; Nitrate

AbstractProposal: DEB 0507973PI: Ehrenfeld, JoanInstitution: RutgersHuman activities, in particular fossil fuel combustion and fertilizer production, are adding vast quantities of nitrogen (N) to ecosystems. This excess N causes numerous environmental problems, including eutrophication, hypoxic coastal waters, loss of species diversity, and drinking water toxicity. Wetland systems typically have a high capacity to retain N because their wet soils promote denitrification, a soil process which converts nitrate to nitrogen gases. Wetlands in urban areas, however, may not have the same ability to remove N because hydrological alterations resulting from urbanization make urban wetlands drier than they have been historically, thus inhibiting the N-removing process of denitrification. Although it is known that both intrinsic soil mineralization and N from atmospheric deposition are important sources of nitrate in these disturbed wetlands, it is not known which source of N contributes to the release of N to surface waters. We will use a novel method, based on a dual isotope approach using 15N and 18O, which has not yet been tested in urban wetland ecosystems, to distinguish between N from precipitation and N from soil in soil water samples collected deep in the soil profile. Distinguishing soil and atmospheric sources of N leached to surface waters will have important implications for environmental management and policy. This research will also be a contribution to the emerging field of urban ecology. The research will be communicated in articles for the general public in the publications of such organizations as the NJ Audubon Society, the NJ Conservation Foundation, the NY/NJ Trail Conference, the NJ Water Resources Research Institute, and the Raritan Baykeeper, organizations that are all heavily involved in the management and conservation of wetlands in urbanizing regions.

摘要Proposa：Deb 0507973PI：Ehrenfeld，Joaninstitution：Rutgershuman活动，特别是化石燃料燃烧和肥料的产生，正在为生态系统增加大量的氮（N）。 多余的N引起了许多环境问题，包括富营养化，低氧沿海水域，物种多样性的丧失和饮用水毒性。 湿地系统通常具有较高的保留n的能力，因为它们的湿土促进了反硝化，这是一种将硝酸盐转化为氮气的土壤过程。 但是，城市地区的湿地可能没有去除N的能力，因为城市化导致的水文改变使城市湿地比历史上更干燥，从而抑制了n扰动的硝化过程。 尽管众所周知，在这些受干扰的湿地中，内在的土壤矿化和n均是硝酸盐的重要来源，但尚不清楚哪种n的来源有助于将n释放到地表水域。 我们将使用一种新的方法，基于使用15N和18O的双同位素方法，该方法尚未在城市湿地生态系统中进行测试，以区分土壤水样在土壤剖面深处收集的土壤水样中的n和n。 区分向地表水的N浸出的土壤和大气来源将对环境管理和政策产生重要影响。这项研究还将为城市生态新兴领域做出贡献。这项研究将在公众的文章中在NJ Audubon Society，NJ保护基金会，NY/NJ Trail Conference，NJ水资源研究所和Raritan Baykeeper，诸如NJ Audubon Society，NY/NJ Trail Conferencation，Raritan Baykeeper，诸如公众的出版物中进行沟通，这些组织都涉及城市化地区湿地的管理和保护。