Metathesis Routes to Ultra-Incompressible Borides, High Surface Area Nitrides and Intermetallics

超不可压缩硼化物、高表面积氮化物和金属间化合物的复分解路线

• 批准号: 0453121
• 负责人: Richard Kaner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-15 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0453121&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Metathesis; Routes; Ultra; Incompressible; Borides

Solid-state metathesis (exchange) reactions can enable the rapid synthesis of materials that are difficult to prepare by conventional methods. This project will explore new routes to high surface area titanium nitride, ultra-incompressible transition metal diborides and structural intermetallics. Since metathesis reactions produce crystalline materials within seconds due to growth in a molten salt matrix, crystallite size and surface area can be controlled with appropriate additives. Titanium nitride, an electrically conductive refractory ceramic used in electrodes for super-capacitors, will be synthesized to test this hypothesis. A new class of ultra-incompressible, hard materials will be created by combining high electron density metals, such as osmium, with small covalently bonded main group elements such as boron. Genetic algorithms will be developed that enable metathesis reactions to be optimized while running a minimum number of reactions. Graduate students will learn synthesis, characterization and measuring of physical properties through collaborations both within the chemistry department and with materials science, mechanical engineering and industrial partners. Undergraduates, including those from under-represented groups, will assist the graduate students in research, thereby enhancing the future graduate student pool in materials chemistry. A new course is being developed entitled "It's a Material World" that will enable both science and non-science majors to gain a better understanding of the importance of materials in the real world. The curriculum developed for this course will then be reconfigured and used to reach a broader audience from grade school children through alumni.The modern world is based on developing new and improved materials such as doped silicon to run computers and synthetic diamond for cutting through rock to build roads. Solid-state metathesis (exchange) reactions can enable the rapid synthesis of materials that are difficult to prepare by conventional methods. Since metathesis reactions produce crystalline materials within seconds, due to growth in a molten salt matrix, the size of the crystal grains and their surface area can be controlled with appropriate additives. Titanium nitride, which is an electrically conductive high temperature ceramic used in electrodes for rapidly chargeable and dischargeable energy storage devices known as super-capacitors, will be synthesized to test this hypothesis. A new class of ultra-incompressible, hard materials will be created by combining high density metals, such as osmium, with small main group elements such as boron. Computer codes, known as genetic algorithms, will be developed that enable metathesis reactions to be optimized while running a minimum number of reactions. Graduate students will learn synthesis, characterization and measuring of physical properties through collaborations both within the chemistry department and with materials science, mechanical engineering and industrial partners. Undergraduates, including those from under-represented groups, will assist the graduate students in research, thereby enhancing the future graduate student pool in materials chemistry.

固态复分解（交换）反应可以快速合成传统方法难以制备的材料。该项目将探索高表面积氮化钛、超不可压缩过渡金属二硼化物和结构金属间化合物的新路线。 由于复分解反应由于在熔盐基质中生长而在几秒钟内产生结晶材料，因此可以使用适当的添加剂来控制微晶尺寸和表面积。氮化钛是一种用于超级电容器电极的导电耐火陶瓷，将被合成以检验这一假设。 通过将高电子密度金属（例如锇）与小的共价键主族元素（例如硼）相结合，将产生一类新型超不可压缩硬质材料。 将开发遗传算法，使复分解反应能够在运行最少数量的反应的同时得到优化。研究生将通过化学系内部以及与材料科学、机械工程和工业合作伙伴的合作，学习物理性质的合成、表征和测量。本科生，包括来自代表性不足群体的本科生，将协助研究生进行研究，从而扩大材料化学领域未来的研究生库。 正在开发一门名为“这是一个物质世界”的新课程，该课程将使科学和非科学专业的学生更好地了解材料在现实世界中的重要性。然后，为本课程开发的课程将被重新配置，并用于覆盖从小学生到校友的更广泛受众。现代世界的基础是开发新的和改进的材料，例如用于运行计算机的掺杂硅和用于切割岩石的人造金刚石。修建道路。 固态复分解（交换）反应可以快速合成传统方法难以制备的材料。 由于复分解反应在几秒钟内产生结晶材料，由于在熔盐基质中生长，因此可以使用适当的添加剂控制晶粒的尺寸及其表面积。氮化钛是一种导电高温陶瓷，用于快速充电和放电的能量存储设备（称为超级电容器）的电极，将被合成以检验这一假设。 通过将高密度金属（例如锇）与小主族元素（例如硼）相结合，将产生一类新型超不可压缩硬质材料。 将开发称为遗传算法的计算机代码，以便在运行最少数量的反应的同时优化复分解反应。研究生将通过化学系内部以及与材料科学、机械工程和工业合作伙伴的合作，学习物理特性的合成、表征和测量。本科生，包括来自代表性不足群体的本科生，将协助研究生进行研究，从而扩大材料化学领域未来的研究生库。