Collaborative Research: FRG: Ferroelectric phenomena in soft matter systems

合作研究：FRG：软物质系统中的铁电现象

• 批准号: 0456221
• 负责人: Antal Jakli
• 金额: $ 31.4万
• 依托单位: Kent State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-15 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0456221&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; FRG; Ferroelectric; phenomena

In this Focused Research Group project the investigatorsstudy the behavior of a class of soft materials characterized bystrong coupling of electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Such materials, which include some liquid crystals and elastomers,can be used to develop ultra-fast switches for video display --based on electro-optical coupling -- and miniature sensors andactuators -- based on the electro-mechanical coupling. One goalis to determine the conditions that enhance the combined effectsof the soft-elasticity modes of elastomers and their ferroelectricresponse by application of external electric fields. In thesestudies the investigators combine mathematical analysis, modeling,computer simulations, physical experiments, and application of thethree-dimensional visualization techniques. These mathematicalproblems are analytically modeled by highly nonlinear elliptic,parabolic, mixed hyperbolic-parabolic and stochastic systems ofpartial differential equations, including the equations ofnonlinear elasticity, viscoelastic flow, and Maxwell's equationsof electrodynamics. Partial differential equation methods forphase transitions, modeling, and numerical tools such as spectralmethods and adaptivity to simulate the solutions are among thetechniques employed. The project is a comprehensive effort towards modeling anddevelopment of soft matter actuator and sensor devices used in avast array of applications, including ultra-fast optic and videoswitching, artificial muscles, biological membranes, andfilaments. Increase of switching speeds and size reduction of thedevice are two relevant technological goals at the heart of theinvestigation. One type of materials to investigate, liquidcrystal elastomers, can be thought of as rubber networks thatrequire very little energy to be deformed along specialdirections. This property, coupled with the efficient response ofthe material to electric fields, may offer optimal ingredients fordeveloping high speed devices able to provide very largemechanical deformations with the application of electric ormagnetic fields of small magnitude. These are highly desirableproperties, for instance, in the design of artificial muscles forrobots. The investigators carry out the studies by combiningmathematical analysis, computer simulations, and physicalexperiments. Use of three-dimensional visualization techniques isimportant in both conducting the work and disseminating theresults. Many of the problems present modeling challenges thatcall for a synergistic effort of mathematicians and physicists. Acentral principle in this endeavor is close cross-disciplinaryinteraction among the applied and numerical analysts and thephysicists of the group. A major component of the project is theinterdisciplinary training of post-docs and graduate students,including the organization of a summer school, development of newcourses, and summer research opportunities for undergraduatestudents. Interdisciplinary conferences, group workshops, andseminars devoted to the FRG project at each institution are alsoplanned.

在这个重点研究小组中，研究人员研究了一类软材料的行为，这些软材料表征了电气，光学和机械性能的旁观耦合。这些材料（包括一些液晶和弹性体）可用于开发基于电力耦合的基于电流耦合的视频显示的超快速开关，以及基于电流耦合的 - 微光耦合和微型传感器和效果。 一个靶标可以通过应用外部电场来确定弹性体及其软弹性模式及其铁电反应的综合效应的条件。 研究人员在研究中结合了数学分析，建模，计算机模拟，物理实验以及第四维可视化技术的应用。 这些数学问题是通过高度非线性椭圆形，抛物线，混合双曲线 - 抛物线和随机系统的分析模型来建模的。 偏微分方程方法的图案过渡，建模和数值工具（例如光谱方法和模拟解决方案的适应性）属于所采用的溶液。 该项目是为在应用程序阵列中使用的软物质执行器和传感器设备建模和开发的全面努力，包括超快速的光学和视频开关，人造肌肉，生物膜和膜。 开关速度的提高和降低thedevice是进行研究的核心的两个相关技术目标。 可以将一种研究的材料，即液体晶体弹性体，可以被认为是橡胶网络，因此沿特定指导变形的能量很少。 该特性，再加上材料对电场的有效响应，可能会提供最佳的成分，以开发能够通过应用小小的电磁场提供非常大机械变形的高速机械变形。 例如，在人造肌肉的设计中，这些都是高度可观的植物。 研究人员通过结合数学分析，计算机模拟和物理脱位来进行研究。 使用三维可视化技术在进行工作和传播特性方面都很重要。 许多问题提出了建模的挑战，可以为数学家和物理学家的协同努力提供挑战。 在这项工作中，审计原理是该组的应用和数值分析师和物理学家之间紧密的跨学科互动。 该项目的主要组成部分是对学科和研究生进行的培训，包括暑期学校的组织，Newcourses的发展以及本科诊断者的夏季研究机会。 跨学科会议，小组研讨会和emininars专门用于每个机构的FRG项目。