CAREER: Influence of Amino-Acid Transport and Partitioning on Nitrogen Profiles in Legume Seeds

职业：氨基酸运输和分配对豆类种子中氮分布的影响

• 批准号: 0448506
• 负责人: Mechthild Tegeder
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0448506&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Influence; Amino; Acid; Transport

This CAREER project will develop and strengthen a research and teaching program studying distribution and transport of nitrogen in plants. The major transport form of nitrogen in most plants is as amino acids, which are the basic building blocks for synthesis of enzymes and proteins. These metabolites are crucial for plant growth and also play a significant role for human nutrition either directly or as feed for animals. The economic and nutritional value of many crops is related to the amount and quality of proteins they accumulate, which is dependent upon transport of amino acids from sites of synthesis. However, the mechanisms regulating transport or partitioning of amino acids from sites of production in leaves or roots (source) to sites of utilization such as seeds (sinks) are not well understood. The hypothesis underlying this project is that partitioning of various amino acids between leaves and seeds is controlled by specific transporters located in the source and sink cells. Pea has been chosen as a model as it has large seeds and provides experimental access to the plasma membrane transport events responsible for amino acid import.Amino acid transporters responsible for uptake of a broad range of amino acids in pea will be analyzed with respect to their cellular localization and function. Transport processes will be manipulated by overexpressing the transporters in source and sink organs followed by analysis of effects on amino acid translocation to seeds and on nitrogen composition. The genetically-modified pea plants will provide excellent tools to explore questions about the regulation of partitioning of amino acids, and how transport of specific amino acids can affect growth and seed composition. The information gained can potentially be transferred to other crops to ensure plant productivity and enhance nutritional quality of seeds or other plant organs used as food. Broader ImpactThis CAREER project will generate important new data on the fundamental processes of amino acid allocation to sink organs (e.g. seeds), and will provide the platform for future strategies aimed at manipulating amino acid and protein quality and quantity in crop plants. It will also strongly promote teaching and training of students in plant biology at all educational levels through incorporation of the research techniques and results into undergraduate and graduate level courses taught by the principal investigator (PI). These courses will provide cutting-edge research and technology information to the students. A summer course stipend will be offered to four top undergraduate students who have previously taken the PI's Plant Physiology course for work on specific parts of the project to gain first hand experience in plant molecular physiology. A graduate and postgraduate student will be involved in undergraduate tutoring and research. The project will promote effective integration of plant biology education and research at all levels and advance the PI's professional development and her contribution to the department and to student training in plant science.

该职业项目将开发和加强研究和教学计划，研究植物中氮的分布和运输。 大多数植物中氮的主要运输形式是作为氨基酸，它们是合成酶和蛋白质的基本基础。 这些代谢物对于植物生长至关重要，并且直接或作为动物饲料的人类营养也起着重要作用。 许多农作物的经济和营养价值与它们积累的蛋白质的数量和质量有关，这取决于氨基酸从合成部位转运。 但是，从叶子或根部（源）到诸如种子（水槽）等地点的氨基酸转运或分配氨基酸的运输或分配的机制尚不清楚。 该项目的基础假设是，在叶子和种子之间对各种氨基酸进行分配，由位于源和水槽细胞中的特定转运蛋白控制。 PEA已被选为模型，因为它具有大种子，并提供了对负责氨基酸进口的质膜运输事件的实验访问。氨基酸转运蛋白负责在PEA中摄取广泛的氨基酸的氨基酸转运蛋白，将在其细胞定位和功能方面进行分析。 运输过程将通过过表达源器官和下水道器官中的转运蛋白进行操纵，然后分析对氨基酸易位到种子和氮组成的影响。 遗传改性的豌豆植物将提供出色的工具来探索有关调节氨基酸分配的问题，以及特定氨基酸的运输如何影响生长和种子组成。 获得的信息可能会转移到其他农作物中，以确保植物生产力并提高种子或其他用作食物的植物器官的营养质量。这一职业项目将产生有关氨基酸分配给水槽器官（例如种子）的基本过程的重要新数据，并将为未来策略提供旨在操纵氨基酸和蛋白质质量和数量的未来策略的平台。 它还将通过将研究技术和结果纳入本科和研究生水平的课程（PI），在所有教育水平上都在所有教育水平上的植物生物学水平上的教学和培训。 这些课程将为学生提供尖端的研究和技术信息。 夏季课程的津贴将提供给四名顶级本科生，他们以前曾参加过PI的植物生理学课程，以在项目的特定部分上工作，以获得植物分子生理学的第一手经验。 研究生和研究生将参与本科辅导和研究。 该项目将在各个层面上有效地整合植物生物学教育和研究，并推进PI的专业发展以及她对部门的贡献以及对植物科学领域的学生培训。