Collaborative Research: Determining the Limits to Life in Submarine Hydrothermal Systems: Active Sulfide Deposits as Natural Laboratories

合作研究：确定海底热液系统的生命极限：活性硫化物矿床作为天然实验室

• 批准号: 0426109
• 负责人: Deborah Kelley
• 金额: $ 62.92万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-10-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0426109&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Determining; Limits; Life

This project will advance the development of an in-situ sensor package designed to quantify the spatial and temporal variation of environmental parameters and associated microbial communities within submarine hydrothermal systems. The ultimate goals of this project are to determine under in-situ conditions the upper temperature limit of life, what environmental parameters may promote growth under these conditions and what consortia are present. This project builds on the successful field testing of three prototype sulfide microbial incubators within the Mothra and Main Endeavour vent fields on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Questions to be addressed include: What thermal gradients are present within the walls of mature, diffusely venting edifices? What is the hydrogen fugacity and oxidation state of fluids within the chimney walls? What is the maximum growth and survival temperature of natural microbial communities and of representative isolated cultures of hyperthermophiles within active vents? What is the naturally occurring phylogenetic and physiological diversity of hyperthermophiles in mature, diffusely venting sulfide structures?

该项目将推进旨在量化海底热液系统中环境参数和相关微生物群落的空间和时间变化的原位传感器包的开发。 该项目的最终目标是在原位条件下确定寿命的上限限制，哪些环境参数可能在这些条件下促进生长以及存在的财团。 该项目建立在Mothra和Juan de Fuca Ridge上Mothra和主要努力通风田中的三个原型硫化物微生物孵化器的成功现场测试。 要解决的问题包括：成熟，扩散式排气的墙壁内存在哪些热梯度？ 烟囱壁中流体的氢和氧化状态是什么？ 天然微生物群落的最高生长和存活温度和活性通风内的代表性孤立培养物的是什么？成熟，扩散排气的硫化物结构中高温噬菌体的系统发育和生理多样性是什么？