Collaborative Research: Biocatalytic Filtration and Carbon Cycling in Permeable Sediments

合作研究：可渗透沉积物中的生物催化过滤和碳循环

• 批准号: 0424786
• 负责人: Carol Arnosti
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0424786&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Biocatalytic; Filtration; Carbon

ABSTRACTOCE-0424967Permeable sands cover approximately 70% of the continental shelves but it is not fully known how organic matter that settles to the shelf sediment is processed in permeable sands. In general, diagenetic processes are poorly understood in sands largely because standard approaches developed for fine-grained sediments fail to accurately mimic in situ conditions in sands. However, due to rapid porewater transport, the dynamics of uptake, metabolism, and release of organic matter in permeable sediments are fundamentally different from those in fine-grained, relatively impermeable, marine sediments. Recent in-situ measurements using innovative techniques suggest that shelf sands act as a large biocatalytic filter that efficiently removes and rapidly degrades dissolved/particulate organic matter from the water column, implying that shelf sands play a central role in the cycling of organic matter. Researchers from Florida State University, along with colleagues from University of Virginia and University of North Carolina, will generate a comprehensive dataset quantifying advective solute and particle fluxes, and mineralization rates in permeable shelf sediment subjected to current-induced pore water exchange. The data will be integrated by a model of coupled transport and reaction in permeable shelf sands, permitting improvement over existing diagenetic shelf sediment models, and generating a tool with predictive ability for managers and policy makers. These results will foster understanding of the continental shelf which is the most productive, economically most important, and at the same time the most threatened oceanic environment. On the local level, project results will be directly applicable to management and conservation efforts in the Apalachicola Bay region of Florida, which is the designated study area. On an international scale, the project will start a new research network in the area of permeable shelf sediments that will be linked to an existing program for the European Union.

Abstractoce-0424967可透明的沙子覆盖了大约70％的大陆架子，但尚不完全清楚在可渗透的沙子中处理与架子沉积物沉降的有机物。一般而言，在沙子中，成岩过程在很大程度上是因为为细粒沉积物开发的标准方法无法准确地模仿沙子的原位条件。但是，由于孔隙水的快速运输，摄取的动力学，代谢和有机物在可渗透的沉积物中的释放与细粒度，相对不可渗透的海洋沉积物的根本不同。 使用创新技术的最新原位测量结果表明，架子砂充当大型的生物催化过滤器，可有效去除并迅速从水柱上溶解/颗粒有机物溶解/颗粒有机物，这意味着架子砂在有机物的循环中起着核心作用。 来自佛罗里达州立大学的研究人员以及弗吉尼亚大学和北卡罗来纳大学的同事将产生一个综合的数据集，量化对流溶质和粒子通量，以及经受电流诱导的孔隙水交换的可渗透架子沉积物的矿化速率。数据将通过可渗透的架子砂中的耦合运输和反应模型进行集成，从而可以改善现有的成岩架沉积物模型，并为经理和政策制定者提供具有预测能力的工具。这些结果将促进对大陆货架的理解，这是最有生产力，在经济上最重要的，同时也是最受威胁的海洋环境。在地方一级，项目结果将直接适用于佛罗里达州阿帕拉奇科拉湾地区的管理和保护工作，即指定的研究区域。在国际范围内，该项目将在可渗透的架子沉积物领域启动一个新的研究网络，该研究将与欧盟现有计划相关联。