AToL: Collaborative Research: Large-scale Phylogeny of Hymenoptera

AToL：合作研究：膜翅目大规模系统发育

• 批准号: 0341708
• 负责人: James Carpenter
• 金额: $ 58.46万
• 依托单位: American Museum Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-01 至 2009-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0341708&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AToL; Collaborative; Research; Large; scale

A grant has been awarded to Dr. James M. Carpenter of the American Museum of Natural History for a large-scale study of the evolutionary history of the Hymenoptera - the order of insects containing the ants, bees and wasps. With more than 115,000 described species, this order includes as much as 10% of the species diversity of the planet, with estimates ranging between 0.3 and 2.5 million species. Students and postgraduate researchers will be involved in a collaborative effort with a large array of international scientists. We will trace the history of this group using both anatomical and molecular data, to produce a well-supported evolutionary hypothesis at the taxonomic level of family. The final analyses will have up to 2,000 species, representing all hymenopteran families and subfamilies. Because most anatomical features we will study will not vary at the taxonomic level of genus, we will implicitly be including all species that have adequate descriptions and share the anatomical traits used in the analysis. Published products will include a series of monographs and two books on the phylogeny of Hymenoptera, an interactive electronic key to Hymenoptera families, access to detailed morphological images through World Wide Web, and access to all the anatomical and molecular data for all Hymenoptera.Economically and ecologically, Hymenoptera are one of the most important groups of organisms. Some are severe economic pests threatening both the forest industry and wheat farming (sawflies), medical and noxious pests of urban landscapes (social wasps and ants), pollinators (bees), and defenders of our agricultural crops through their ability to parasitize and control pest insects (most parasitic wasps). Knowledge of the evolution of the entire order is extremely important for placing taxa within a correct context for more limited studies of behavior, host associations and ability to discover novel pest control agents.

美国自然历史博物馆的詹姆斯·M·卡彭特（James M.该秩序有超过115,000种描述的物种，其中多达10％的地球物种多样性，估计在0.3至250万种中。 学生和研究生研究人员将与大量国际科学家进行合作。 我们将使用解剖学和分子数据来追踪该组的历史，以在家庭分类水平上产生良好的进化假设。 最终分析将有多达2,000种，代表所有膜翅目家族和亚家族。 由于我们将研究的大多数解剖学特征在属的分类学水平上不会有所不同，因此我们将隐含地包括所有具有足够描述并共享分析中使用的解剖特征的物种。 出版的产品将包括一系列关于膜翅目的系统发育的专着和两本书，这是膜翅目家族的互动电子钥匙，通过万维网访问详细的形态图像，并访问所有hymenoptera。在经济上，经济上，生态上，hymenoptera the Hymenoptera，Hymenoptera是一组重要的组合。 有些是严重的经济害虫，威胁着森林工业和小麦养殖（锯木蝇），城市景观（社会黄蜂和蚂蚁），传粉媒介（蜜蜂）以及我们农作物的捍卫者，通过寄生和控制害虫昆虫（大多数寄生虫WASP）。 了解整个顺序的演变对于将分类单元放入正确的行为，宿主关联和发现新颖的害虫控制剂的能力的能力方面非常重要。