Post-Fire Hydrology, Biogeochemistry, and Vegetation Response

火灾后水文、生物地球化学和植被响应

• 批准号: 0327071
• 负责人: Edith Allen
• 金额: $ 9.42万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-02-01 至 2006-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0327071&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Post; Fire; Hydrology; Biogeochemistry; Vegetation

0327071MeixnerA stand-replacing wildfire burned through the San Dimas Experimental Forest (SDEF) this past September. The SDEF has a 60-year record of watershed hydrology and a 20-year record of watershed nitrogen export for several watersheds. The intense understanding of pre-fire conditions at the SDEF presents a once in a lifetime opportunity to closely investigate the impacts of fire as an ecological disturbance in a chaparral ecosystem. Existing data at SDEF indicates that watersheds with more frequent fires have reduced streamflow and inorganic nitrogen export on long timescales compared to watersheds with less frequent fires. This existing data is especially important because it indicates an interaction between disturbance regime and the susceptibility of ecosystems to atmospheric deposition. More generally our results will be relevant to understanding disturbance in ecosystems and disturbance influences on hydrologic and biogeochemical processes. We intend to investigate four major questions in this post-fire environment. First, we will determine the relative control of fire frequency on sediment and nutrient export with an observational network and process based studies. Second, we will investigate the impact of changes in ET on watershed hydrology in the post-fire environment with a robust observation network. This observation system consists of several watersheds that were burned during the 1980's as part of a prescribed fire experiment as well as several control watersheds. Third, we will investigate how the high rates of N deposition influence vegetation recovery in the post-fire environment with vegetation surveys at SDEF and at a low deposition site in southern California. Finally, we will investigate how fire history affects watershed hydrologic and biogeochemical export. We will also prepare the ground for future studies with detailed assessment of digital elevation data at the forest taking advantage of fire to collect both on the ground and remotely sensed data as well as with preliminary measurements of ET with an eddy-flux system with time and equipment donated by the University of California, Irvine.Broader ImplicationsThe pre-existing facilities and experimental framework (detailed fire history with differences between watersheds) provide a truly unique opportunity to investigate the impact of fire on the amount of water available for human use and the impacts of fire on water quality. Since fire is such a dominant ecosystem process in many ecosystems of the western United States, better information on the impact of fire on water resources and water quality is critical information for land managers. The research will also provide information on how air pollution and disturbance interact and influence the large-scale vegetation change currently occurring in California that threatens the unique biodiversity of the region. . Additionally the location of the San Dimas Experimental Forest in southern California with its diverse population and numerous undergraduate institutions provide a perfect opportunity for outreach to underrepresented groups in the environmental sciences: urban populations and minorities. The University of California, Riverside and Long Beach State University both serve predominantly minority populations.

0327071 Meixnera驻留野火在去年9月燃烧在San Dimas实验森林（SDEF）中。 SDEF拥有60年的流域水文学记录，并有20年的几个流域出口氮出口记录。 对SDEF的火前条件的强烈理解带来了一生一次的机会，可以密切调查火灾的影响，这是在Chaparral生态系统中的生态干扰。 SDEF的现有数据表明，与频繁发生频率较低的流域相比，长时间尺度上有更频繁的火灾的流域减少了流量和无机氮出口。 该现有数据尤其重要，因为它表明了干扰制度与生态系统对大气沉积的敏感性之间的相互作用。 更普遍的结果，我们的结果将与了解生态系统中的干扰以及对水文和生物地球化学过程的影响有关。 我们打算在此后这种火灾环境中调查四个主要问题。 首先，我们将通过观察性网络和基于过程的研究来确定沉积物和养分出口的火灾频率的相对控制。 其次，我们将通过强大的观察网络研究ET变化对后火力环境中流域水文学的影响。 该观察系统由1980年代燃烧的几个流域组成，作为规定的火灾实验的一部分以及几个控制流域。 第三，我们将研究n个沉积的高率如何通过SDEF的植被调查以及南加州的低沉积地点影响爆炸后环境中的植被恢复。 最后，我们将研究火史历史如何影响流域的水文和生物地球化学出口。 我们还将为未来的研究做准备，并通过对森林中的数字高程数据进行详细评估，利用火力收集在地面上，并通过远程感知的数据以及ET的初步测量，并通过涡流系统进行ET的初步测量，并用加利福尼亚大学捐赠的时间和设备，irvine。火灾对可用于人类使用的水量以及火对水质的影响。 由于火灾是美国西部许多生态系统中的主要生态系统过程，因此有关火灾对水资源和水质影响的更好信息对土地管理者来说是关键的信息。 该研究还将提供有关空气污染和干扰如何相互作用和影响当前在加利福尼亚发生的大规模植被变化的信息，从而威胁到该地区独特的生物多样性。 。 此外，南加州的San Dimas实验森林的地理位置和众多的本科机构为环境科学中代表性不足的群体提供了一个绝佳的机会：城市人口和少数民族。 加利福尼亚大学，河滨大学和长滩州立大学都以少数人的身份服务。