Comparative Analysis of Legume Genome Evolution

豆科植物基因组进化的比较分析

• 批准号: 0321664
• 负责人: Roger Innes
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0321664&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Analysis; Legume; Genome; Evolution

In the U.S., soybean (Glycine max) is second only to corn in total acres planted and is a primary source of proteins and oils for both animal and human consumption. A major feature of the soybean genome is a duplication event estimated to have occurred 9 million years ago. Similar polyploidization events are believed to have occurred multiple times in the evolutionary history of most, and perhaps all, flowering plants, and have lead to dramatic changes in genome structure. Major questions regarding the process of genome restructuring following polyploidization remain to be answered. Comparative genomic analyses will be used to identify patterns of gene rearrangement associated with both old (9 mya) and recent (50 kya) polyploidy events in the Glycine genus. Specifically, an approximately 1 megabasepair interval from each of six legume taxa will be sequenced, as will the duplicated regions in the polyploid members (12 intervals in total). These taxa include two soybean cultivars, the closest true diploid relative of soybean Teramnus labialus and a recent polyploidy relative, Glycine tomentella G1188, that has twice as many chromosomes as soybean. The genomic interval to be sequenced contains several commercially important disease resistance (R) genes in soybean, and contains both rapidly rearranging and relatively stable chromosomal blocks. These analyses will address fundamental questions regarding genome evolution on both short (100,000 years) and long (50 million years) time scales, as well as questions regarding the evolution of R genes. This sequence collection will also facilitate identification of conserved promoter elements and non-coding RNAs, and well as commercially useful R genes. All sequence data, physical maps, and analyses will be made publicly available through a project web-site. This project will also generate new public software for phylogenetic analysis of genome rearrangements, and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries of 5 legume species.The project will be linked to the educational and non-science community via direct collaborations with two hands-on science museums in Bloomington, Indiana and Blacksburg, Virginia, and by two high school outreach programs at the University of Minnesota and Cornell University. Hands-on activity kits will be developed that will be used for public events at museums, and more importantly in K-12 classrooms. Classroom use will be promoted through a series of teacher training workshops hosted at each museum. All kits will be specifically designed to address state academic standards in science and will teach principles in plant biology and evolution.

在美国，大豆（甘氨酸最大）在种植的总玉米中仅次于玉米，并且是动物和人类消费的蛋白质和油的主要来源。 大豆基因组的一个主要特征是重复事件估计是在900万年前发生的。在大多数甚至所有开花植物的进化史上，类似的多倍化事件都发生了多次发生，并导致基因组结构的巨大变化。关于多倍体化后基因组重组过程的主要问题仍有待回答。比较基因组分析将用于识别与甘氨酸属中旧（9 MyA）和最近（50 Kya）多倍体事件相关的基因重排模式。 具体而言，将对六个豆类分类单元中每个分类群的大约1个兆骨间隔进行测序，多倍体成员中的重复区域也将进行测序（总共12个间隔）。 这些分类单元包括两个大豆品种，这是大豆Teramnus labialus的最接近的真正二倍体亲戚和最近的多倍体相对相对的甘氨酸Tomentella G1188，其染色体是大豆的两倍。 要测序的基因组间隔包含大豆中的几种商业上重要的疾病抗性（R）基因，并且既包含迅速重排和相对稳定的染色体块。 这些分析将解决有关短期（100，000年）和长期（5000万年）时间尺度的基因组进化的基本问题，以及有关R基因演变的问题。该序列收集还将促进鉴定保守的启动子元件和非编码RNA，以及商业上有用的R基因。 所有序列数据，物理图和分析都将通过项目网站公开提供。 该项目还将生成新的公共软件，用于基因组重排的系统发育分析，以及5种豆类物种的细菌人造染色体（BAC）库。该项目将通过与两家在布洛姆顿，印第安纳州和布莱克斯堡，弗吉尼亚州和大学的大学和大学的大学界的两个动手合作，与教育和非科学博物馆的直接合作，与大学和大学的大学宣布。 将开发动手活动套件，该套件将用于博物馆的公共活动，更重要的是在K-12教室中。 课堂使用将通过在每个博物馆举办的一系列教师培训研讨会来促进课堂使用。 所有套件将专门设计用于解决科学的国家学术标准，并将教授植物生物学和进化中的原则。