SBIR Phase I: A Biochip for Biological Pathogen Detection

SBIR 第一阶段：用于生物病原体检测的生物芯片

• 批准号: 0320409
• 负责人: Kristian Scaboo
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: GENORX INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0320409&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Biochip; Biological; Pathogen

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project proposes to develop a biosensor that measures the inherent electron transport properties of DNA on a semiconductor chip. This biochip is expected to improve data quality, decrease cost and minimize sample processing. The ability of DNA to transport electrons is dependent on the bases being perfectly matched. Thus, only the correct target DNA would give a signal in the proposed system. Furthermore, since the signal is electronic, the instrumentation required to make the measurements will be far less expensive than currently used fluorescent systems. Finally, since the ability to transport electrons is intrinsic to DNA, no modifications and very little sample processing will be required. This project will address two fundamental barriers to a reliable, mass-manufacturable biosensor based on electron transport through DNA. First, the project will investigate decreasing the voltage biases required to initiate electron transport by decreasing the overall resistance of the DNA/electrode assembly. Second, the project will investigate methods to decrease the contact resistance between the electrode and the DNA. Overcoming these two obstacles will greatly facilitate the manufacture of an inexpensive, accurate biochip that will detect DNA without amplification. The commercial application of this project will be in four select markets : biological agent detection for homeland defense, life science research, drug development and medical diagnostics.

这个小型企业创新研究阶段I项目提议开发一种生物传感器，该生物传感器可以测量DNA在半导体芯片上的固有电子传输性能。预计该生物芯片将提高数据质量，降低成本并最大程度地减少样本处理。 DNA传输电子的能力取决于与完美匹配的碱基。因此，只有正确的靶DNA才能在拟议的系统中发出信号。此外，由于信号是电子的，因此进行测量所需的仪器将比当前使用的荧光系统便宜得多。最后，由于传输电子的能力是DNA固有的，因此不需要修改和很少的样品处理。该项目将基于通过DNA的电子传输，解决可靠的，质量制造的生物传感器的两个基本障碍。首先，该项目将通过降低DNA/电极组件的总体电阻来降低启动电子传输所需的电压偏差。其次，该项目将研究降低电极和DNA之间接触电阻的方法。克服这两个障碍将极大地促进制造廉价，准确的生物芯片，该生物芯片将在不放大而检测DNA。该项目的商业应用将在四个精选市场中：国土防御，生命科学研究，药物开发和医学诊断的生物剂检测。