Avian Terrestrial Locomotion: Evolution, Dynamics, and Computer Vision

鸟类陆地运动：进化、动力学和计算机视觉

基本信息

批准号：
161486217
负责人：
Professor Dr. Reinhard Blickhan
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Mechanical Engineering
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/161486217?language=en
关键词：
Avian Terrestrial Locomotion Evolution Dynamics

项目摘要

Bipedal locomotion is crucial for the survival of most bird species. Birds thus represent a natural testbed for theories on locomotor adaptations and specializations. Aspects of the proximal limb and its complex coupling to the rigid trunk in particular have been largely ignored by research to date. Tedious data processing and the necessarily elaborate setups have only permitted a few exemplary studies.By combining the available digital biplanar high speed x-ray technology with advanced algorithms for (semi-) automatic data tracking, comparative studies in morphology, kinematics, kinetics and modeling, we intend to investigate general principles of bipedal locomotion and adaptations of the avian locomotor system. We will focus on three levels: individual motor variance, species-specific morphology and global strategies for general movement goals such as speed or stability. It will be necessary to develop a new tool for data processing in order to handle the enormous amount of data produced and meet the extreme demands that will be placed on 3D x-ray-based inverse dynamics. As a result, this project will integrate pioneering computer vision techniques for automatic feature point tracking and the reconstruction of 3D motion.We intend to investigate whether the variability of the kinematics of locomotion while walking and running on a belt translates into corresponding variation at the level of the centre of mass. We will then explore how differences in geometry and morphology between 12 carefully selected species are expressed in local and global (COM) kinematics and kinetics. We hope to be able to expand our understanding of stability on the level of the leg, the trunk and the centre of mass in birds as bipedal animals, and finally to contribute to a new insight into avian evolution.

双足运动对于大多数鸟类的生存至关重要。因此，鸟类代表了运动适应和专业化理论的天然测试平台。迄今为止的研究在很大程度上忽略了近端肢体及其与刚性躯干的复杂耦合。繁琐的数据处理和必要的复杂设置只允许进行一些示范性研究。通过将可用的数字双平面高速 X 射线技术与用于（半）自动数据跟踪的先进算法相结合，进行形态学、运动学、动力学和建模方面的比较研究，我们打算研究双足运动的一般原理和鸟类运动系统的适应性。我们将重点关注三个层面：个体运动差异、物种特异性形态以及针对速度或稳定性等一般运动目标的全局策略。有必要开发一种新的数据处理工具，以便处理产生的大量数据并满足基于 3D X 射线的逆动力学的极端要求。因此，该项目将集成先进的计算机视觉技术，用于自动特征点跟踪和 3D 运动重建。我们打算研究在皮带上行走和跑步时运动学的变化是否会转化为水平上的相应变化质心。然后，我们将探索 12 个精心挑选的物种之间的几何和形态差异如何在局部和全局 (COM) 运动学和动力学中表达。我们希望能够扩大对鸟类作为双足动物的腿部、躯干和质心稳定性的理解，并最终为鸟类进化提供新的见解。