Collaborative Research: Organic Compounds in Hydrothermal Systems: A Framework for Investigating Heterotrophy at High Temperature

合作研究：水热系统中的有机化合物：研究高温异养的框架

• 批准号: 0221417
• 负责人: Jan Amend
• 金额: $ 17.48万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0221417&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Organic; Compounds; Hydrothermal

ABSTRACTOCE-0221417OCE-0221113This study sets out to make chemical measurements of inorganic and organic carbon compounds found in a complex and poorly understood environment, shallow water marine hydrothermal systems. Due in part to limited sampling opportunities, our understanding of marine hydrothermal microbial systems and especially of their organic geochemistry is lacking. The metabolic energy requirements of microbial lifeforms in these environments is also unclear. Determination of the chemical structures and concentrations of a series of aqueous low molecular weight organic compounds (amino acids, carbohydrates and organic acids) will allow the modeling of the energetic bounds associated with the metabolism of these substrates by heterotrophic thermophiles. A series of studies, including using direct SCUBA field sampling of the study site (Aeolian Islands, Sicily), will allow hydrothermal vent fluid collection including temporal variation. Thermophilic bacteria are known to be metabolically opportunistic, having the capability of utilizing a variety of carbon sources present in their environment along with one or more electron acceptors. How these organisms perform such metabolic manipulations and how they dynamically adapt to changes in their chemical and physical environment is not yet known. These investigators will employ a thermodynamic modeling approach, using known concentrations of specific substrates at known temperatures, to calculate the possible bioenergetic energy yields of the respiratory and fermentative reactions these organisms use in hydrothermal environments. This in turn will increase our understanding of the biogeochemical processes that may fuel the microbial energetics in the deeper subsurface biosphere.

Abstractoce-0221417OCE-0221113这项研究旨在对在复杂且知识熟悉的环境中发现的无机和有机碳化合物进行化学测量，即浅水海水热系统。在某种程度上，由于采样机会有限，我们对海洋水热微生物系统尤其是其有机地球化学的理解缺乏理解。这些环境中微生物生命形式的代谢能量需求也不清楚。确定一系列低分子量有机化合物（氨基酸，碳水化合物和有机酸）的化学结构和浓度，将允许建模与异育嗜热剂与这些底物的代谢相关的能量界限。一系列研究，包括使用研究地点的直接水肺场采样（西西里岛的风群岛），将允许水热排气流体收集，包括时间变化。众所周知，嗜热细菌是代谢的机会主义，具有利用各种碳源与一个或多个电子受体一起使用的各种碳源的能力。这些生物如何进行这种代谢操作以及它们如何动态适应其化学和物理环境的变化。这些研究者将使用已知温度下的已知特定底物采用热力学建模方法来计算这些生物体在热液环境中使用的呼吸和发酵反应的生物能量产量。反过来，这将增加我们对生物地球化学过程的理解，这些过程可能会促进更深的地下生物圈中的微生物能量。