Collaborative Research: Organic Compounds in Hydrothermal Systems: A Framework for Investigating Heterotrophy at High Temperature

合作研究：水热系统中的有机化合物：研究高温异养的框架

• 批准号: 0221417
• 负责人: Jan Amend
• 金额: $ 17.48万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0221417&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Organic; Compounds; Hydrothermal

ABSTRACTOCE-0221417OCE-0221113This study sets out to make chemical measurements of inorganic and organic carbon compounds found in a complex and poorly understood environment, shallow water marine hydrothermal systems. Due in part to limited sampling opportunities, our understanding of marine hydrothermal microbial systems and especially of their organic geochemistry is lacking. The metabolic energy requirements of microbial lifeforms in these environments is also unclear. Determination of the chemical structures and concentrations of a series of aqueous low molecular weight organic compounds (amino acids, carbohydrates and organic acids) will allow the modeling of the energetic bounds associated with the metabolism of these substrates by heterotrophic thermophiles. A series of studies, including using direct SCUBA field sampling of the study site (Aeolian Islands, Sicily), will allow hydrothermal vent fluid collection including temporal variation. Thermophilic bacteria are known to be metabolically opportunistic, having the capability of utilizing a variety of carbon sources present in their environment along with one or more electron acceptors. How these organisms perform such metabolic manipulations and how they dynamically adapt to changes in their chemical and physical environment is not yet known. These investigators will employ a thermodynamic modeling approach, using known concentrations of specific substrates at known temperatures, to calculate the possible bioenergetic energy yields of the respiratory and fermentative reactions these organisms use in hydrothermal environments. This in turn will increase our understanding of the biogeochemical processes that may fuel the microbial energetics in the deeper subsurface biosphere.

ABSTRACTOCE-0221417OCE-0221113本研究旨在对复杂且知之甚少的环境（浅水海洋热液系统）中发现的无机和有机碳化合物进行化学测量。部分由于采样机会有限，我们缺乏对海洋热液微生物系统，特别是其有机地球化学的了解。这些环境中微生物生命体的代谢能量需求也不清楚。一系列水性低分子量有机化合物（氨基酸、碳水化合物和有机酸）的化学结构和浓度的测定将允许对与异养嗜热生物代谢这些底物相关的能量界限进行建模。一系列研究，包括使用研究地点（西西里岛伊奥利亚群岛）直接进行水肺实地采样，将允许收集热液喷口流体，包括时间变化。已知嗜热细菌在代谢上是机会性的，具有利用其环境中存在的多种碳源以及一种或多种电子受体的能力。这些生物体如何进行此类代谢操作以及它们如何动态适应化学和物理环境的变化尚不清楚。这些研究人员将采用热力学建模方法，使用已知温度下已知浓度的特定底物，来计算这些生物体在热液环境中使用的呼吸和发酵反应的可能生物能能量产量。这反过来将增加我们对生物地球化学过程的理解，这些过程可能会促进更深的地下生物圈中的微生物能量学。