NIRT: Manufacturing of Novel Continuous Nanocrystalline Ceramic Nanofibers with Superior Mechanical Properties

NIRT：制造具有优异机械性能的新型连续纳米晶陶瓷纳米纤维

• 批准号: 0210850
• 负责人: Yuris Dzenis
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210850&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Manufacturing; Novel; Continuous; Nanocrystalline

This proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 01-157, category NIRT. Nanostructured materials (NSMs) with unusual and extreme properties will play a key role in many emerging technologies. However, manufacturing of NSMs with the desired properties is highly complex and currently is over-reliant on empirical data. In this proposal, a novel manufacturing process producing a new class of ceramic materials, i.e. continuous ceramic nanofibers, will be addressed. The novel sol-gel electrospinning technique (U.S. patent pending), invented recently by two of the PI's (Dzenis and Larsen), produces ceramic fibers of submicron diameters with potentially extreme thermomechanical properties. This technique will be analyzed and optimized for the production of nanocrystalline ceramic nanofibers with superior mechanical properties, based on a comprehensive, multidisciplinary research effort. The research team will develop an efficient and robust computational methodology for simulating realistic nanocrystalline nanofibers and their mechanical response at finite temperatures. A novel atomistic-continuum modeling approach based on a hybrid Monte-Carlo finite element technique will be developed and used. The models will be applied to design strong nanofibers by predicting the effects of the chemical composition and atomic structures of grain boundaries and defects on mechanical properties. The results will be used to develop chemistry and to direct manufacturing of strong nanocrystalline nanofibers. The achievement of the enhanced mechanical properties of the resulting nanofibers will be demonstrated experimentally utilizing novel mechanical characterization techniques based on scanning probe microscopy. As a result of this research, the new nanomanufacturing method will be further developed based on the atomistic-continuum modeling. New nanocrystalline ceramic nanofibers with superior mechanical properties will be produced. The combined manufacturing and model-based optimization will allow the mechanical properties of the nanofibers to be tailored to specific needs of the end user. This general, modeling-driven approach will be applicable to other nanomanufacturing processes and nanomaterials. This technology will be a significant part of future nanotechnology efforts. This research program will impact other key areas of nanotechnology where radical improvement of mechanical properties is critical, e.g., nanostructured membranes for ultrafiltration and other separation processes, nanoreinforcing elements for nanocomposites, supports for nanostructured catalysts, and many others. A multidisciplinary education plan will include development of interdisciplinary graduate courses on materials synthesis technology, computational materials science, and nanoscale materials characterization. Graduate and undergraduate research assistants will work within the various research groups on computational and experimental aspects of the research. Planned interactions with researchers at national laboratories will provide graduate and undergraduate students with additional educational exposure.

该提案是为了回应纳米级科学与工程倡议，NSF 01-157，类别NIRT。具有异常和极端特性的纳米结构材料（NSM）将在许多新兴技术中起关键作用。但是，具有所需属性的NSM的制造非常复杂，目前在经验数据上过度稳定。在此提案中，将解决一种新的制造过程，该过程生产新的陶瓷材料，即连续陶瓷纳米纤维。新型的Sol-Gel静电纺丝技术（美国专利）最近由PI的两种（Dzenis and Larsen）发明，生产具有潜在极端热机械特性的亚微米直径的陶瓷纤维。该技术将根据一项全面的多学科研究工作，分析和优化，以生产具有优质机械性能的纳米晶陶瓷纳米纤维。研究团队将开发一种有效且可靠的计算方法，用于模拟现实的纳米晶纳米纤维及其在有限温度下的机械响应。将开发和使用一种基于混合蒙特卡洛有限元技术的新型原子 - 基因图建模方法。这些模型将通过预测晶界的化学成分和原子结构的影响以及缺陷对机械性能的影响，将模型应用于设计强纳米纤维。结果将用于开发化学和直接生产强纳米晶纳米纤维。基于扫描探针显微镜的新型机械表征技术，将证明实现所得纳米纤维的增强机械性能的实现。这项研究的结果是，新的纳米制造方法将基于原子 - 基因图建模进一步开发。将产生具有优质机械性能的新型纳米晶陶瓷纳米纤维。合并的基于制造和模型的优化将使纳米纤维的机械性能根据最终用户的特定需求量身份量化。这种通用模型驱动的方法将适用于其他纳米制造过程和纳米材料。该技术将是未来纳米技术工作的重要组成部分。该研究计划将影响纳米技术的其他关键领域，在该领域的机械性能的根本改善至关重要，例如，用于超滤和其他分离过程的纳米结构化膜，纳米福利元素的纳米复合元素，纳米结构化催化剂的支持。多学科教育计划将包括开发有关材料合成技术，计算材料科学和纳米级材料表征的跨学科研究生课程。研究生和本科研究助理将在各个研究小组中开展研究的计算和​​实验方面。计划与国家实验室的研究人员进行的互动将为研究生和本科生提供额外的教育风险。