Dissertation Research: Resistance to Herbicide and Susceptibility to Herbivores: Testing the Mechanistic Basis of a Trade-off and its Population-level Consequences

论文研究：除草剂抗性和食草动物易感性：测试权衡的机制基础及其人口水平后果

• 批准号: 0206448
• 负责人: Douglas Futuyma
• 金额: $ 0.53万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2003-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0206448&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Resistance; Herbicide; Susceptibility

AbstractFutuyma 0206448The researchers will test the mechanisms by which herbivorous insects affect the cost of resistance to the herbicide triazine in pigweed Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae). The triazine-resistance mutation imposes a cost by slowing photosynthesis. Mutant plants are preferentially eaten by herbivores, are less tolerant of feeding damage, and suffer an increased fitness cost when exposed to herbivores. This work will address how the availability of light and nutrients affects a mutant plant's allocation to carbon-based defenses and its susceptibility to herbivores. The potential for herbivores to impose frequency-dependent selection will be tested. Additionally, the researchers will test if a mutant plant's increased allocation to carbon acquisition (i.e. leaves) at the expense of nutrient and water acquisition (i.e. roots) causes its reduced tolerance. This research will provide an independent test of how photosynthetic rate shapes patterns of defense and tolerance, and it will contribute to future strategies for managing resistance to herbicide.The researchers will test the mechanisms by which herbivorous insects affect the cost of resistance to the herbicide triazine in pigweed Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae). The triazine-resistance mutation imposes a cost by slowing photosynthesis. Mutant plants are preferentially eaten by herbivores, are less tolerant of feeding damage, and suffer an increased fitness cost when exposed to herbivores. This work will address how the availability of light and nutrients affects a mutant plant's allocation to carbon-based defenses and its susceptibility to herbivores. The potential for herbivores to impose frequency-dependent selection will be tested. Additionally, the researchers will test if a mutant plant's increased allocation to carbon acquisition (i.e. leaves) at the expense of nutrient and water acquisition (i.e. roots) causes its reduced tolerance. This research will provide an independent test of how photosynthetic rate shapes patterns of defense and tolerance, and it will contribute to future strategies for managing resistance to herbicide.

摘要Futuyma 0206448研究人员将测试草食性昆虫影响苋菜（苋科）对除草剂三嗪的抗性成本的机制。 三嗪抗性突变会减慢光合作用，从而造成成本。 突变植物优先被食草动物吃掉，对摄食损害的耐受性较差，并且在接触食草动物时会承受更大的健康成本。 这项工作将解决光和营养物质的可用性如何影响突变植物对碳基防御的分配及其对食草动物的易感性。 食草动物实施频率依赖性选择的潜力将得到测试。 此外，研究人员还将测试突变植物以牺牲养分和水获取（即根）为代价增加碳获取（即叶子）的分配是否会导致其耐受性降低。 这项研究将为光合速率如何塑造防御和耐受模式提供独立测试，并将有助于未来管理除草剂抗性的策略。研究人员将测试食草昆虫影响除草剂三嗪抗性成本的机制存在于苋属植物苋属（苋科）中。 三嗪抗性突变会减慢光合作用，从而造成成本。 突变植物优先被食草动物吃掉，对摄食损害的耐受性较差，并且在接触食草动物时会承受更大的健康成本。 这项工作将解决光和营养物质的可用性如何影响突变植物对碳基防御的分配及其对食草动物的易感性。 食草动物实施频率依赖性选择的潜力将得到测试。 此外，研究人员还将测试突变植物以牺牲养分和水获取（即根）为代价增加碳获取（即叶子）的分配是否会导致其耐受性降低。 这项研究将为光合速率如何塑造防御和耐受模式提供独立测试，并将有助于未来管理除草剂抗性的策略。