Community Dynamics in a Polar Ecosystem: Benthic Recovery From A Large Scale Organic Enrichment in the Antarctic

极地生态系统中的群落动态：南极大规模有机富集的底栖生物恢复

• 批准号: 0126319
• 负责人: Stacy Kim
• 金额: $ 38.86万
• 依托单位: San Jose State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-05-01 至 2006-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0126319&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Community; Dynamics; Polar; Ecosystem; Benthic

Kim0126319Antarctic marine ecosystems differ from other polar, temperate and tropical systems at the level of individuals, populations and communities. The environment is characterized by extreme seasonality in light and food availability, along with cold stenothermal conditions. Additionally, human impacts are more limited in Antarctica than in highly populated or exploited areas. A unique research opportunity will occur in 2003 with the installation of a sewage treatment plant at McMurdo Station. This will allow for the conduct of a large-scale experiment on community recovery from organic enrichment and physical disturbance. This research will test whether major hypotheses related to community structure and disturbance recovery, which were formulated and demonstrated in more accessible marine communities, applies to Antarctic ecosystems. This research will build on a ten-year time-series that follows benthic community degradation resulting from emplacement of a sewage outfall. A complicating factor in the local McMurdo ecosystem is the input of fecal matter from the abundant populations of marine mammals and large fishes. Sampling will span the implementation of sewage treatment and the data will be incorporated in a meta-analysis of community recovery from organic disturbance in a variety of habitats, to test the generality of recovery patterns. Experimental manipulations will compare the potentially complex roles of burial and patch size in recovery dynamics. The knowledge gained from this research can be applied to other examples of high organic loading in polar habitats. Significant anthropogenic inputs in high latitudes include pulp mills and increases in human occupation and visitation as well as natural sources including woody debris in river outputs and carcass-falls from the productive surface waters above also present significant carbon inputs to high latitude environments. This study will significantly further the understanding of anthropogenic impacts in polar environments using an integrated approach to evaluate the recovery of the infaunal and epifaunal assemblages after a substantial carbon-loading perturbation sustained over ten years.

KIM0126319 Antarctic海洋生态系统与个人，人口和社区水平的其他极性，温带和热带系统不同。环境的特征是光和食物可用性中的极端季节性以及寒冷的炎症状况。另外，与人口高度或被剥削的地区相比，南极的人类影响更受限制。在McMurdo车站安装污水处理厂，将发生独特的研究机会。这将允许进行大规模的实验，以从有机富集和身体障碍中恢复社区。这项研究将测试与社区结构和干扰恢复有关的主要假设，该假设是否适用于南极生态系统中更容易获得的海洋社区。这项研究将建立在十年的时间序列上，这是由于污水排放量增加而导致的底栖界社区退化。当地麦克默多生态系统中的一个复杂因素是粪便物质的输入，来自大量的海洋哺乳动物和大型鱼类。采样将涵盖污水处理的实施，数据将纳入对各种栖息地中有机疾病的社区恢复的荟萃分析，以测试恢复模式的一般性。实验操作将比较埋葬和斑块大小在恢复动力学中的潜在复杂作用。从这项研究中获得的知识可以应用于极地栖息地中其他高机载荷的其他例子。高纬度地区的大量人为输入包括纸浆厂，人类的占用和探访以及自然来源，包括河流产量中的木质碎片和上面生产地表水中的car体粉碎，也给高纬度环境带来了重要的碳输入。这项研究将通过一种综合方法在极地环境中显着进一步理解人为影响，以评估在十年内实现大量的碳载扰性后，恢复了弱的和epifaunal组合。