Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Democratic Communists: Party and Class in South Africa and Kerala

博士论文改进补助金：民主共产党人：南非和喀拉拉邦的政党和阶级

• 批准号: 0103847
• 负责人: Michael Burawoy
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0103847&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Democratic

The twentieth century saw the rise and fall of Marxist practices. At the beginning of the century, the international communist movement was a growing social and political force inspired by emancipatory ideas, but by its end the movement has virtually disappeared. Today, the movement is mostly talked about in association with totalitarian and authoritarian regimes of the past. However, at least two twentieth century communist parties can lay claim to more democratic histories and hopeful futures: the South African Communist Party and the Community Party of India in Kerala. Both parties represent exceptions to the historical norms of twentieth century international communism. Yet, the two parties also differ: in Kerala the party developed a participatory democratic orientation, and in South Africa the party developed a representative democratic orientation. Through the comparative method, this project examines why the two parties diverged after having developed by the late 1950s broadly similar democratic commitments and orientations. Based on interviews with party leaders, activists, and members, and access to party papers, memos, correspondence, and reports, the investigator identifies the conditions that facilitate the growth and development of various types of democratic communism.

二十世纪见证了马克思主义实践的兴衰。 在本世纪初，国际共产主义运动是受解放思想启发而不断壮大的社会和政治力量，但到了世纪末，该运动实际上已经消失了。 今天，人们谈论这场运动时，大多将其与过去的极权主义和独裁政权联系起来。 然而，至少有两个二十世纪的共产党可以声称拥有更加民主的历史和充满希望的未来：南非共产党和喀拉拉邦的印度共产党。 双方都是二十世纪国际共产主义历史规范的例外。 然而，两个政党也有所不同：在喀拉拉邦，该党发展了参与性民主方向，而在南非，该党发展了代议制民主方向。通过比较方法，本项目探讨了两党在 20 世纪 50 年代末发展出大致相似的民主承诺和方向后为何出现分歧。 根据对党的领导人、积极分子和党员的访谈以及党的文件、备忘录、信件和报告，调查人员确定了促进各种类型的民主共产主义成长和发展的条件。